Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная
лингвистика
и
лингводидактика
–
Foreign
Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Journal home page:
https://inscience.uz/index.php/foreign-linguistics
The role of grammatical transformation in translation:
a focus on English-Uzbek examples
Yulduzkhon MAKHMUDJONOVA
Tashkent State Transport University
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received March 2024
Received in revised form
10 April 2024
Accepted 25 April 2024
Available online
25 July 2024
This article examines the role of grammatical transformation
in translation, emphasizing its critical importance in bridging
linguistic structures between English and Uzbek. By exploring
specific examples and common challenges, the article proposes
strategies to improve translators' abilities in applying these
transformations effectively, ensuring both linguistic and
cultural fidelity in translations.
2181-3701 2024 in Science LLC.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-3701-vol2-iss3-pp192-195
This is an open-access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru
Keywords:
grammatical transformation,
translation studies,
syntax, linguistic
equivalence,
language transfer,
semantic integrity,
English-Uzbek translation.
Tarjimada grammatik transformatsiyalarning o
‘
rni: ingliz-
o
‘
zbek misollari asosida
ANNOTATSIYA
Kalit so‘zlar
:
grammatik transformatsiya,
tarjimashunoslik,
sintaksis,
lingvistik ekvivalentlik,
til ko‘chirish, semantik
yaxlitlik,
inglizcha-
o‘zbekcha tarjima
.
Ushbu maqola tarjimada grammatik transformatsiyaning
rolini ko‘rib chiqadi va uning ingliz va o‘zbek tillari o‘rtasidagi
lingvistik tuzilmalarni bog‘lashdagi muhim ahamiyatini
ta’kidlaydi. Muayyan misollar va umumiy muammolarni
o‘rganib chiqib, maqola tarjimonlarning ushbu o‘zgarishlarni
samarali qo‘llash qobiliyatini yaxshilash, tarjimalarda ham til,
ham madaniy sodiqlikni ta'minlash strategiyalarini taklif qiladi.
1
PhD Student, Tashkent State Transport University. E-mail: yulduzmakhmudjonova@icloud.com
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
–
2
№
3 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
193
Роль грамматической трансформации в переводе:
акцент на англо
-
узбекских примерах
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
грамматическая
трансформация,
переводоведение,
синтаксис,
лингвистическая
эквивалентность,
языковой перенос,
семантическая
целостность,
англо
-
узбекский перевод.
В данной статье рассматривается роль грамматической
трансформации при переводе, подчеркивая ее решающую
важность в соединении лингвистических структур между
английским и узбекским языками. Исследуя конкретные
примеры и общие проблемы, в статье предлагаются
стратегии,
позволяющие
улучшить
способности
переводчиков эффективно применять эти преобразования,
обеспечивая как языковую, так и культурную точность
перевода.
INTRODUCTION
Translation extends beyond simple literal translation; it involves adapting
grammatical, syntactical, and stylistic nuances from one language to another. In the
context of English-Uzbek translations, this adaptation is crucial due to significant
differences in grammatical structures between the two languages. This paper explores
the types of grammatical transformations needed, discusses the main challenges faced by
translators, and provides practical suggestions for enhancing translation quality.
THE NATURE OF GRAMMATICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Grammatical transformations in translation involve intricate processes of adapting
and restructuring language from the source to the target text. These processes are
essential to maintain semantic equivalence and to adapt stylistic nuances that respect the
grammatical and cultural context of the target language. Understanding the nature of
these transformations provides a clearer insight into the complexity and creativity
required in professional translation, especially between languages as distinct as English
and Uzbek. Different languages have unique grammatical rules and structures.
Grammatical transformations allow translators to adapt these rules from the source
language to fit the natural flow of the target language. This might involve altering
sentence structure, verb forms, or agreement to maintain the syntactic integrity of the
translated text. The primary goal of grammatical transformations is to preserve the
meaning of the original text while making adjustments for grammar and style. This
requires a deep understanding of both the source and target languages to ensure that
translations are not only grammatically correct but also semantically faithful to the
original message. Grammatical transformations often depend on the context in which the
source text is situated. This includes not just the linguistic context but also cultural,
social, and situational elements that influence how the message should be conveyed in
the target language. Effective translation requires an acute awareness of these contextual
factors to choose the most appropriate grammatical transformations. Translation is not a
straightforward process of swapping words and phrases between languages. It often
requires creativity, especially when dealing with languages that structurally differ
significantly, such as English and Uzbek. Grammatical transformations may involve
creating new ways to express ideas that do not have a direct equivalent in the target
language.
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
–
2
№
3 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
194
Types of Transformations:
–
Substitution involves changing specific grammatical elements to equivalent
forms in the target language, addressing differences in grammatical categories or
morphological details.
–
Transposition shifts grammatical structures to respect the syntactic norms of the
target language, often changing the word order or the structure of phrases and clauses.
–
Omission removes unnecessary elements that may be implied or redundant in
the target language, streamlining the translation for clarity and brevity.
–
Supplementation adds elements to provide a more comprehensive
understanding, filling gaps that may exist due to linguistic or cultural differences.
We can see detailed examples using grammatical transformations in English-Uzbek
translations:
1. Tense and aspect transformation:
–
English: "He has been working here since 2010."
–
Uzbek: "U 2010-yildan beri bu yerda ishlaydi."
–
Transformation: The perfect continuous tense in English is often translated into
the present simple tense in Uzbek, reflecting a general tendency in Uzbek to simplify
tense usage.
2. Voice transformation:
–
English: "The novel was written by the author."
–
Uzbek: "Muallif roman yozgan."
–
Transformation: Passive constructions in English are frequently translated into
active voice in Uzbek to maintain the fluidity and directness characteristic of the
language.
3. Modal verbs and expression of possibility:
–
English: "You must submit the application by Friday."
–
Uzbek: "Ariza juma kunigacha topshirilishi kerak."
–
Transformation: Direct modal expressions in English are often transformed into
a necessity form in Uzbek, altering the modal verb structure to fit more formal or indirect
expressions.
4. Question formation:
–
English: "Do you know where he is?"
–
Uzbek: "U qayerda ekanligini bilasizmi?"
–
Transformation: in Uzbek typically a different question structure is used, often
embedding the question within a statement, which requires a transformation in the
syntactic arrangement.
The main problems of using grammatical transformations
–
Loss of nuance: subtle nuances present in the source language may be lost due to
the standardization or simplification required by the target language’s grammatical
structures.
–
Cultural misalignment: certain grammatical forms carry implicit cultural
meanings that may not be directly translatable between English and Uzbek, risking
misinterpretation or a loss of intended emphasis.
–
Complexity in adapting idiomatic expressions: idioms often contain elements that
are peculiar to their original language and culture, requiring creative and culturally
aware grammatical transformations to convey the same meaning in another language.
Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika
–
Зарубежная лингвистика
и лингводидактика
–
Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics
Issue
–
2
№
3 (2024) / ISSN 2181-3701
195
These strategies can help translators, who are struggling to use transformations
during their translating period, to improve their proficiencies:
–
Advanced training in comparative grammar: focused studies on the differences
between English and Uzbek grammar can prepare translators to anticipate and manage
complex transformations.
–
Utilization of annotated databases: building and referring to databases of
translated texts with annotations explaining grammatical transformations can serve as
reference points for translators.
–
Regular peer reviews and feedback: engaging with a community of translators for
regular feedback can help identify common pitfalls and refine grammatical adaptation
skills.
CONCLUSION
Understanding and mastering grammatical transformations are essential for
translators working between English and Uzbek to ensure translations are not only
accurate but also resonate with the target audience culturally and contextually. As the
demand for such skilled translation increases, so does the need for comprehensive
training and resources to support translators in navigating these complexities. Moreover,
this detailed exploration of grammatical transformations in English-Uzbek translations
highlights the intricacies involved and underscores the importance of strategic
approaches to translator education and practice. By fostering a deeper understanding of
these grammatical challenges, translators can contribute more effectively to cross-
cultural communication and understanding.
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