Frontline Marketing, Management and Economics Journal
FRONTLINE JOURNALS
33
Improving innovations that affect sustainable cluster development
Sobirov Azizbek Avazbekovich
Head of the Department of Enterprise Management and Finance, Tashkent Institute of Management and Economics, Uzbekistan
A R T I C L E I N f
О
Article history:
Submission Date: 24 December
2024
Accepted Date: 26 January 2025
Published Date: 28 February 2025
VOLUME:
Vol.05 Issue02
Page No. 33-35
D
OI: -
https://doi.org/10.37547/marketing-
fmmej-05-02-05
A B S T R A C T
This article discusses the problem of the role of the cluster in the process
of forming a sustainable business and maintaining the innovative
development of the national economy, including its individual industries in
modern conditions. In the course of writing the article, various analytical
methods were used: comparative and retrospective analysis, the method
of data compilation, induction and deduction, as well as modeling. As a
result of a generalized analysis of the activities of clusters and, in general,
the activities of groups of companies, it was concluded that the importance
of cluster associations is significant in the overall structure of mechanisms
to support the development of innovations. The author analyzed various
approaches to the formation of cluster policy by determining the effect of
the resulting synergetic features of the cluster form of doing business, from
the point of view of the formation of business sustainability and
strengthening the position of the company's brand.
Keywords:
Cluster management, business sustainability, supercluster,
innovation development, cluster policy, entrepreneurial network.
INTRODUCTION
World experience shows that enterprises
operating in clusters, thanks to a network of
mutual connections and close cooperation with
institutions from the field of science, education and
management, become more competitive and
achieve greater success. The development of
clusters affects not only the development of
companies, but also of entire regions where they
are located. They allow for better use of the
internal potential of regional development and
attracting external investors. In fact, the clusters
themselves and the industries in which they
operate can be considered as the most important
endogenous potential for the development of
specific regions. From this point of view, it is also
worth analyzing the possibilities of using the idea
of clusters to dynamize development. A desirable
stage in the development of initiatives from the
point of view of regional development should be
the implementation of investment projects that
will increase the scale of production of enterprises,
increase employment, improve quality and
enhance the competitiveness of Podlaskie brands.
This can lead to supra regional and foreign
expansion. Then it will be possible to talk about the
real role of cluster structures as an effective tool
for regional development, a driving force of the
regional economy and, thus, as an internal
development potential. The role of innovative
clusters in the development of the regional heat
and power complex is especially relevant due to
the emergence of cooperation in cluster structures.
To achieve the goal, the article substantiates that
Frontline Marketing, Management and Economics
Journal
ISSN: 2752-700X
Frontline Marketing, Management and Economics Journal
FRONTLINE JOURNALS
34
clusters are a natural consequence of the
unification of entities for the joint implementation
of specific projects. At the same time, if the parties
involved are market competitors, then we are
dealing with a strategy called joint competition,
which combines the concepts of cooperation and
competition, which constitute a separate concept
in strategic management. As results, we
highlighted the substantiation of the role of
innovative clusters, combining cooperation and
competition at the same time, in the development
of the regional heat and power complex due to the
use of the synergy effect, which is expressed in
measurable common benefits.
The greatest success is demonstrated by clusters
with a high degree of participation of scientific
centers and university complexes, with a high
share of innovative products, producing goods
with long-term competitive advantages due to the
use of scientific research results, training highly
qualified personnel in their interests. For regions
with high scientific, technical and educational
potential, and for Russia, studying the mechanisms
of formation and development of such clusters is
vital. An innovative cluster (definition 1) is a
cluster formed on the basis of or comprising
centers for generating scientific knowledge,
centers for generating business ideas, centers for
training highly qualified specialists; producing
products with long-term competitive advantages;
operating in promising growing markets or
forming new sales markets.
Such a definition of an innovative cluster, of course,
narrows the systemic concept of "innovative" as
capable of effectively adapting to changes in the
external environment, but it is working and allows
us to set the task of both an accurate description of
such a cluster and measuring the degree of its
innovativeness. The degree of innovation of a
cluster
is
a
qualitative
or
quantitative
characteristic reflecting the degree of integration
into the cluster of scientific knowledge generation
centers, business idea generation centers, and
training centers for highly qualified specialists; the
share of innovative and science-intensive products
in the total volume of production; and the
characteristics of the sales markets for these
products.
Innovative clusters, in one way or another, have
the ability to influence the level of competitiveness
of their residents by providing them with a certain
number of advantages:
- cluster residents can work with the highest level
of efficiency, thereby attracting specialized assets
and suppliers with a shorter response time than
they could have separately;
- the ability to achieve the highest level of
innovation through close interaction with
partners, clients and other companies, which
generates new ideas and ensures the intensive
implementation of innovations, while residency in
a cluster reduces the costs of their testing and
testing for compliance with any requirements;
- favorable conditions for the formation and
development of business in clusters.
In this regard, the importance of the quality of
cluster management is determined, thanks to
which enterprises included in the cluster have the
opportunity to increase the competitiveness of the
brand (the company as a whole) or products by
determining modern methods and ways of
developing innovations in a specific area.
Cluster An organizational mechanism created by
regional entities for the purpose of jointly solving
problems and implementing joint activities. A
complex of enterprises from the most liquid
business areas that form the foundation of the
region's specialization.
Self-identification of cluster residents A cluster as
a corporate tool for improving the efficiency of
stakeholder interaction processes. Residents
identify themselves with a specific cluster. A
cluster as one of the state instruments in terms of
industrial development, innovation, and SME
support. Residents may not be aware that they are
part of a cluster.
Selection of clusters applying for state support An
open competition with the opportunity for
participation by any company that identifies itself
as a cluster. A cluster is determined through an
assessment/analysis or is based entirely on a
political decision.
Definition of cluster support measures Joint
projects of residents and correlation of these
projects with the formed state support measures.
The state facilitates the process of self-
organization and interaction of cluster residents
through the cluster development center (cluster
management company). Support measures are
formed based on need, which is determined by
identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the
cluster.
Thus, clusters can contribute to sustainable
development in various direct and indirect ways
(promotion and education). The analysis allowed
the authors to formulate the following conclusions
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and recommendations:
- clusters can play an important role in supporting
the sustainable development process,
- many studies of clusters have been conducted
over the last decade, and some of them relate to
sustainable development,
- cluster policy in the EU helps to strengthen the
position of clusters in achieving sustainable
development,
- there are many initiatives in the EU aimed at
strengthening cluster activity and, as a result,
sustainable development.
Clustering of the economy also entails a number of
problems. For example, cluster companies gain a
competitive advantage over other companies
outside the cluster, which weakens other
companies and may lead to their collapse or
change of industry. This may contribute to an
increase in the concentration of production,
income and resources in a specific place (cluster).
The analysis showed that there is a gap in research
in the field of continuous measurement of clusters
in the context of sustainable development.
Excessive concentration of capital and resources
among a small group of people and organizations
can lead to negative income stratification and
social inequality due to wealth, which is contrary
to the assumptions of sustainable development.
There is also a risk that some clusters are created
only to collect grants and then their activities cease
(here the question arises how many clusters are
formed because of the desire for networking and
how many for collecting grants). In addition, not all
clusters contribute to sustainable development
(e.g. heavy industry clusters), and governments
and cluster managements face the challenge of
encouraging them to implement sustainable
activities.
CONCLUSIONS
A generalized analysis has shown that the role of
cluster associations is significant in the overall
structure of significant mechanisms for supporting
and developing innovations, as well as the national
economy as a whole. There are various approaches
to the formation of cluster policy, including from
the point of view of providing state support to
resident enterprises and clusters as a whole.
Synergy formed in the process of interaction
between cluster participants leads to colossal
results in various areas, including in industry in
terms of creating sustainable business ties and
strengthening the position of the company's brand.
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(date of access: 02/27/2025).
