78
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
DETERMINATION OF PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL
PROPERTIES OF THE SUBSTANCE CLOTRIMAZOLE A
Sayfieva A.
1
Sharipova S.T.
2
Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Tashkent city, Republic of Uzbekistan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17321129
Relevance:
Mycoses of the skin are a common global problem, affecting 20-30% of the world's
population and ranking second among all skin diseases. Infection occurs through contact with infected
people or objects, as well as in public places such as swimming pools . The prevalence of mycoses
does not depend on geography or climate, but on factors such as age, immune status, the presence of
chronic diseases, and hygiene. The incidence of diseases increases with age, especially mycoses of
the feet, which can be found in every second patient over 70 years of age. The aim of the study was
to determine the physicochemical and technological properties of the substance
Clotrimazole C
22
H
17
ClN
2
white or white with a yellowish tint crystalline powder. Soluble in alcohol
96%, slightly soluble in ether, practically insoluble in water. Clotrimazole is a broad-spectrum
antifungal agent for topical use. Its antifungal effect is due to the disruption of ergosterol synthesis, a
component of fungal cell membranes. This alters membrane permeability and causes subsequent cell
lysis. It is effective against dermatophytes , yeasts, and molds, as well as the causative agent of
pityriasis versicolor. versicolor and the causative agent of erythrasma . It has antimicrobial activity
against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Sieve analysis is the determination of the particle
size distribution or particle size distribution of powders and granules by sieving them through sieves.
Sieve analysis is performed by sieving material samples through a set of standard sieves with
successively smaller openings from top to bottom, separating the material into fractions. Determining
the particle size distribution of powders and granules is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing at
various stages of production. Mechanical sieving is most suitable when the majority of particles are
larger than 75 µm. The light weight of smaller particles results in insufficient force to overcome the
surface forces of cohesion and adhesion during sieving, causing particles to stick to each other and to
the sieve, resulting in the retention of particles that should otherwise have passed through the sieve.
For such substances, air-jet or ultrasonic sieving may be more suitable. Sieving may be used for some
powders or granules with a median particle size of less than 75 µm if the method can be validated .
Flowability is the ability of particles of solid powdered substances or materials to flow under the
influence of their own gravity. For the purposes of this General Pharmacopoeia Monograph,
powdered substances or materials include pharmaceutical substances, excipients, their mixtures,
intermediates, and other solid bulk materials that can be used in the production of medicinal products.
The widespread use of powders in the pharmaceutical industry to create a wide variety of dosage
forms of drugs requires a comprehensive assessment of their technological properties, including an
evaluation of their flowability characteristics. Efforts to establish the relationship between various
powder flowability criteria and the technological process of medicinal product production have led
to the development of a large number of test methods for determining the multifaceted technological
characteristics of powders, such as flowability, density, compressibility , porosity, and wettability .
Hygroscopicity is the property of some substances to absorb water vapor (moisture) from the air.
Hygroscopicity is characteristic of wettable hydrophilic substances with a capillary-porous structure
79
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
and substances that are highly soluble in water, especially compounds that form crystal hydrates with
water.
