435
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
DETERMINATION OF FLAVONOIDS IN MEDICINAL PLANT EXTRACT
(POLYGONUM AVICULARE L)
Aman A.E.
Kasimbekova M.D.
Ospanova G.S.
"South Kazakhstan Medical Academy", Shymkent city, Republic of Kazakhstan
e-mail: k.m.dauletbekovna@gmail.com +77011143131
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17341954
Relevance:
Polygonum aviculare L., also known as knotweed or bird's-foot buckwheat,
belongs to the buckwheat family (Polygonaceae). This widespread, seemingly inconspicuous plant
grows along roadsides, in yards, and in wastelands. The phytochemical composition of Polygonum
aviculare includes tannins, resins, traces of essential oil, vitamins C and K, and provitamin A. Its
leaves contain significant amounts of ascorbic acid in reduced form (405–450 mg%) and reversibly
oxidized form (253–300 mg%). In addition, the flavonol glycoside avicularin (C₂₀H₁₈O₁₁) has been
identified; upon hydrolysis, quercetin and arabinose are formed. Oxymethylanthraquinones have been
found in the plant's roots. The plant exhibits anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, diuretic, antioxidant, and
restorative properties. It is used for gastrointestinal and urinary tract disorders, bleeding, and in the
complex treatment and rehabilitation of cancer patients.
References to herbs similar to knotweed date back to the writings of Hippocrates (5th–4th
centuries BC), where they were described as astringent and hemostatic. Avicenna (Ibn Sina, 10th–
11th centuries) noted their effectiveness for stomach ailments, bleeding, and urinary tract pathologies.
During the Soviet period, pharmacologist N. I. Gubanov and his colleagues conducted research on
the flavonoid and tannin content of knotweed, confirming its value as a source of biologically active
compounds. Based on the work of domestic and international researchers, it seems relevant to study
the biologically active substances of the medicinal plant knotweed, in particular, the determination of
flavonoids.
Objective:
To identify and characterize flavonoid compounds in knotweed (Polygonum
aviculare L.).
Materials and Methods:
The aerial parts of knotweed (Polygonum aviculare L.), collected
during the flowering phase, were used as the study subject. The presence and content of flavonoids
and tannins were determined using methods adopted by the South Kazakhstan Medical Academy
(SKMA). The raw materials were dried at ≤ 40°C and ground. Extraction was performed with 40–
70% ethanol via maceration. Flavonoids were identified using qualitative reactions, thin-layer
chromatography (TLC), and spectrophotometric analysis at λ = 370–380 nm.
Results:
Flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic carboxylic acids were detected in the studied plant,
collected in the surrounding area. TLC revealed yellow fluorescence under UV light, consistent with
flavonoid standards. Spectrophotometric analysis confirmed significant flavonoid content.
Conclusions:
Phytochemical analysis revealed that knotweed contains a wide range of
biologically active substances, predominantly flavonoids, which exhibit pronounced antioxidant and
potential antiviral activity. The results of qualitative reactions, thin-layer chromatography, and
spectrophotometry confirm the feasibility of further preclinical studies of this plant. Knotweed may
be considered a promising raw material for the creation of herbal remedies with antiviral, tonic, and
immunomodulatory effects.
