274
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF FLAVONOIDS IN HORSETAIL (EQUISETUM
ARVENSE)
Hasanova G.R.
Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand city, Republic of Uzbekistan
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17334214
Relevance:
Flavonoids, being an important group of plant secondary metabolites, play a key
role in the physiological functioning of plants and have a wide range of biological activities, including
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and cardioprotective effects. Horsetail (Equisetum
arvense) is one of the plants traditionally used in folk medicine, known for its medicinal properties
due, among other things, to the presence of flavonoids.
Purpose and objectives
The purpose of this study is to conduct a phytochemical analysis of the flavonoids contained in
horsetails using modern extraction methods, chromatographic and spectroscopic analysis to
determine the composition and concentration of flavonoids. The paper considers the main types of
flavonoids, such as equisethrin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin and their possible role in biological
processes related to the effect on antioxidant activity and strengthening of vascular walls.
To preliminarily determine the presence of flavonoids, qualitative reactions were performed
with ferric (III) chloride, a 10% alcoholic alkali solution, a 2% aqueous aluminum chloride solution,
a basic lead acetate solution, and a Briant cyanidin reaction. The positive result of the reactions
suggested the presence of flavonoids in the studied raw materials.
Extracts using solvents such as methanol, ethanol and acetone were used to extract flavonoids.
Thin-layer chromatography (THC) methods were used to identify and quantify flavonoids. Two main
spots should be visible on the chromatogram: with R. about 0.57 and Ri about 0.5, having bright blue
fluorescence in UV light at 254 nm or blue with violet fluorescence at 360 nm, as well as with Ri
about 0.4, having blue with turquoise fluorescence in UV light at 254 nm or blue in UV light at 360
nm (flavone-5-glycosides). Other uncharacteristic spots are allowed. The chromatogram is sprayed
with a 2% solution of aluminum chloride in 95% alcohol, placed in a drying cabinet for 1-2 minutes
at 100-105 ° C. After the appearance of the spots Rj about 0.57 and 0.5 do not change their color, the
spot with R, about 0.4 turns yellow in visible and UV light.
Result
: The data obtained indicate the presence of a significant amount of flavonoids in
horsetail extracts, among which equisetrin and quercetin demonstrate the highest concentration and
biological activity.
According to research, the content of flavonoids in horsetails (Equisetum arvense)
can range from 0.1% to 0.5% of the total weight of the plant in dry form. The chromatogram showed
visible spots in UV light at 254 nm and 360 nm, and qualitative reactions were performed to identify
the presence of flavanoids.
Conclusions
: These results highlight the prospects of using horsetail as a source of flavonoids
for the development of phytotherapeutic agents aimed at improving the condition of the
cardiovascular system and reducing inflammation.
