10
1-
SHO‘BA
BARQAROR IQTISODIY
O‘SISH
ORQALI AHOLI
FAROVONLIGINI TA’
MINLASH
BUSINESS COMBINATION PROCESS AND ITS AUDIT REVIEW
OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
DSc
Urazov Komil Bahramovich
Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service,
Department of accounting and auditing in other sectors
Abdurasulov Jamshidbek Ahmad ugli
Samarkand Institute of Economics and Service,
doctoral student of Department of accounting
and auditing in other sectors
By accelerating the transition of our economy to the International Financial
Reporting Standards (IFRS), which have been used for many years in the practice
of developed countries, providing foreign investors with the necessary
information environment, increasing investment attractiveness and access to
international financial markets, In order to improve the system of training of
auditors in accordance with international standards, the Resolution of the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev dated February 24,
2020 No PD-4611 "On additional measures for the transition to international
financial reporting standards", plays a special role in determining the order of
accounting for the reorganization of enterprises on the basis of foreign experience
and their harmonization with international standards.
Relevance of the topic. Today in our country, business mergers, including
mergers, acquisitions, divisions, separations, changes, are used to determine the
order of disclosure in the financial statements of information on the processes
carried out in accordance with IFRS 23. This IFRS applies to all businesses in the
territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
In accordance with this national standard, the assessment of assets and
liabilities transferred (accepted) in the reorganization of enterprises is carried
out in accordance with the procedure established by the decision (agreement) of
the founders on reorganization. For each type of assets and liabilities, a separate
valuation method may be established that differs from the valuation methods
used for other types of assets. However, a number of elements in the standard
that require full coverage and ensure compliance with international standards are
structurally different from IFRS 22, Consolidation of Enterprises.
The purpose of this standard is also to establish the procedure for reflecting
the process of mergers of enterprises in an account such as IFRS. In IFRS 22, a
merger of a company is classified as a merger or acquisition of shares. This
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standard covers the processes by which one entity acquires another and
combines interests when the buyer is not identified. A business combination is
not the purchase of shares in another company but the acquisition of the
company's net assets with a business reputation.
The preparation of the financial statements in the context of the
reorganization in accordance with IFRS 23 (paragraph 9) is based on:
a) decisions of the founders or relevant bodies on reorganization;
b) constituent documents of enterprises formed as a result of reorganization;
c) agreements on merger, acquisition, division, separation and change of
organizational and legal form in cases established by the legislation of the
Republic of Uzbekistan;
g) deed of transfer or balance sheet;
d) in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the
registration div: a record of newly formed enterprises in the form of merger,
division, separation and change; a document confirming the inclusion in the
Register of a record of the last cessation of the activities of the added enterprises
in the reorganization in the form of annexation, etc.
According to the decision (agreement) of the founders, the deed of transfer
or distribution balance sheet includes the following applications:
a) financial statements in the composition provided for in the Law of the
Republic of Uzbekistan "On Accounting" [2], reflecting the structure of assets and
liabilities of the reorganized enterprise, as well as their value from the date of
registration of assets and liabilities to the last reporting date;
b) assets and liabilities of the reorganized enterprise, carried out in
accordance with IFRS 19 "Organization and conduct of inventory" [3] and
confirming their correctness (availability, status and value of assets and
liabilities) before drawing up the transfer deed or distribution balance sheet;
inventory acts (registration documents);
c) initial documents on tangible and intangible assets (fixed assets, intangible
assets, inventories, etc.), lists of other assets to be received and transferred in the
reorganization of enterprises (registration documents);
d) information on reorganized enterprises notifying their creditors and
debtors in writing of the transfer of property and obligations under relevant
contracts and agreements, settlements with the relevant budgets, state trust
funds, etc. from the date of state registration; decryption of the specified accounts
payable and receivable (their registration documents), etc.
Research results and analysis. Considering the process of merging a
business, procurement differs in essence from the merging of interests, the
content of which should be reflected in the financial statements. Accordingly,
different methods of accounting are expressed for each of these species.
The standard sets out the criteria for determining the fair value of the
identifiable assets and liabilities acquired. For example, securities are valued at
current market value, at current prices at which receivables can be obtained, at
the selling price of finished goods after deducting:
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(a) exit costs;
(b) the company’s
share of the expected profit from the buyer’s
actions to
obtain the profit from the sale of the same finished product. It is intended to
determine the fair value of the market value determined using the valuation of
machinery and equipment. Accounts payable and promissory notes, long-term
debts, liabilities and other accounts receivable are recorded at a discounted value
based on current interest rates. Negative goodwill can also occur. Negative
goodwill is written off the assets of the reporting company and recorded in the
balance sheet in the same generally recognized classification.
In IFRS, assets transferred in the reorganization of enterprises can be valued
at the following values:
a) at the actual cost of procurement;
b) at cost;
c) at residual value;
g) at the cost of recovery;
d) at face value;
e) at the actual full cost of production;
j) at actual cost of production at direct costs;
h) at the planned, normative cost;
i) at market prices.
From the above, it can be concluded that ensuring the accounting of
reorganization processes in accordance with international accounting standards,
increasing investment attractiveness based on world-recognized evaluation
criteria, easy and clear information to the user, ie processes such as mergers,
acquisitions or conflicts of interest, synthesizes through the information
provided and provides information on the financial condition of the enterprise.
This, in turn, encourages the application of other aspects of IFRS to national
accounting and auditing.
References:
1.
Davlat korxonalari to’g’risida Nizom (O’zR VM 16.10.2006 y. 215
-son qarori bilan
tasdiqlangan)( Regulations on state enterprises (approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of
Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated 16.10.2006 No. 215);
https://uz.sputniknews.ru/20210529/chislo-gospredpriyatiy-v-uzbekistane-sokratyat-na-
75-k-2025-godu-18977013.html(
https://uz.sputniknews.ru/20210529/chislo-gospredpriyatiy-
v-uzbekistane-sokratyat-na-75-k-2025-godu-18977013.html
)
2.
O’
zbekiston Respublikasining fuqarolik kodeksi, 21.12.1995(
Civil Code of the Republic of
Uzbekistan, 21.12.1995
).
3.
3-son
MҲXS (IFRS) “Biznes birlashuvlari”
(
IFRS 3 “Business Associations”
);
4.
10-
son MҲXS «Konsolidastiyalangan moliyaviy ҳisobot”
(
IFRS 10 “Consolidated Financial
Statements”
);
5.
23-
son BҲMS “Qayta tashkil etishni amalga oshi
rishda moliyaviy hisobotni
shakl
lantirish”(
IFRS 23
“Formation of financial statements in the implementation of
reorganization”
);
6.
8-
son BҲMS “
ngan moliyaviy hisobotlar va sho’ba xo’jalik j
( IFRS 8. Consolidated Financial Statements and Investments in Subsidiaries).
13
7.
Plotnikov V.S., Plotnikova O, V.
Ob’e
dinenie biznesa i konsolidirovannaya finansovaya
otchetnost(Consolidation of business and consolidated financial reporting), Uchebnoe posobie, -
M.: Izdatelstvo: INFRA-M, 2018 g.
8.
S.N.Tashnazarov Moliyaviy hisobotning nazariy va metodologik asoslarini
takomillashtirish(Improving the theoretical and methodological basis of financial reporting).
Monografiya. - Publisher SIA OmniScriptum Publishing. GlobeEdit Publishing house. 2018. 280 p.
ISBN-13:978-613-8-24050-1, 87-107- betlar
9.
Tashnazarov S.N. Moliyaviy hisobotning xalqaro standartlari(International Financial
Reporting Standards). Darslik
–
T. “Iqtisod
-
Moliya”, 2019.
10.
Urazov K.B. Buxgalteriya moliyaviy ҳisobi(
Accounting financial accounting
). O’quv
qo’llanma. –
Samarqand, SamISI, 2013. - 226 bet.
11.
“Moliyaviy ҳisobotning xalqaro standartlariga o’tish bo’yicha qo’shimcha chora
-
tadbirlar to’g’risida(
On Additional Measures to Transfer to International Financial Reporting
Standards
)”. O’zbekiston
Respublikasi Prezidentining 2020 yil 24 fevraldagi PQ-4611-son qarori.
INNOVATSION TARAQQIYOT
–
QURILISH INDUSTRIYASI KORXONALARINI
BARQAROR RIVOJLANTIRISH OMILI SIFATIDA
I.f.f.d., PhD
Najimov Iskander Perdebaevich
Qoraqalpoq davlat universiteti dotsenti
Bugungi kunda
dunyoning ko‘plab rivojlangan mamlakatlari olimlari va
iqtisodchilari sanoatni innovatsion rivojlantirish bo‘yicha ilmiy tadqiqotlarga
alohida e’tibor qaratmoqdal
ar. Xususan, sanoat korxonalarining innovatsion
faoliyatini faollashtirish va shu asosda korxonalarning raqobatbardoshlik
salohiyatini oshirish kabi masalalar bo‘yicha ilmiy tadqiqotlar olib borilmoqda, bu
esa mahalliy qurilish materiallari sanoatiga ham t
o‘liq taalluqlidir.
Qurilish materiallari sanoatida, iqtisodiyotning boshqa ko‘plab tarmoqlari
da
bo‘lgani kabi, hozirgi vaqtda nafaqat texnik yoki texnologik yangiliklar, balki
moliyaviy resurslarni jalb qilishning tashkiliy, iqtisodiy, ijtimoiy, shuningdek
zamonaviy usullari amalda qo‘llanila boshlangani fonida innovatsion jarayonning
faollashuvi kuzatilmoqda.
Insoniyat sivilizatsiyasi ilmiy taraqqiyot va innovatsion jarayonning
faollashuvi tufayli yuzaga keladi, bu nafaqat asbob-uskunalar va texnologiyalarni
yangilashni jadallashtirishda, balki bir qator an’anaviy tarmoqlarning yo‘qolib
qolishida,
bilim va iqtisodiyotning yangi tarmoqlarining paydo bo‘lishida
(masalan, bioinjeneriya, sun’iy intellekt, nanotexnologiya va boshqalar) namoyon
bo‘ladi
[1].
Innovatsion jarayon vaqtinchalik hodisa emas, balki, doimiy ishlaydigan
jarayondir. Innovatsion fa
oliyat rivojlanish tahlili shuni ko‘rsatadiki, noyob
samarali innovatsiyadan (texnologiyadan) foydalanish raqobatda panatseya
emas. Bundan tashqari, uzoq vaqt, arzirli modernizatsiya qilinmasdan, bunday
innovatsiyalardan foydalanish korxonada ba’zan bankro
tlikka olib keladi [2].
Shuning uchun progressiv va barqaror innovatsion rivojlanish tizimli
