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THE NEED TO IMPROVE THE VICTIMOLOGICAL PREVENTION
SYSTEM IN ENSURING THE STABILITY OF THE SOCIO-MORAL
ENVIRONMENT IN NEW UZBEKISTAN
Toshpulatov Khusanboy Juraboyevich
Researcher at Fergana State University
Orcid ID: 0009-0002-6980-849X
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14667529
Abstract:
The article studies the theoretical and methodological
foundations of ensuring the stability of the socio-spiritual environment in
society, victimological prevention and its dialectical features in ensuring the
stability of the socio-spiritual environment in society, and the prospects for
improving the victimological prevention system in ensuring the stability of the
socio-spiritual environment. Modern conceptual approaches and views on
ensuring the stability of the socio-spiritual environment in society are also
analyzed.
Key words:
society, socio-spiritual environment, social laws, victimological
prevention, traditionalism and modernity, comparative analysis, analysis and
synthesis, systemic and functional, dialectical nature, stability.
INTRODUCTION.
The Department of Public Safety, in particular, the
prevention (senior) inspectors of the mahalla law enforcement agency, in their
activities on victimological prevention of offenses, implement a system of legal,
social, organizational and other measures of general, special, individual
victimological prevention of offenses in order to identify and keep track of
victims of administrative and criminal offenses and persons prone to
victimization, identify and eliminate the causes of victimization and the
conditions that enable them. In this regard, they implement joint general
measures aimed at early identification, elimination, neutralization of
victimological factors and reducing their impact, as well as calling on persons
with a high level of victimization to be vigilant, reducing their level of
victimization, and reducing the risk of them becoming victims of criminal and
any other forms of aggression. It is noteworthy that in the victimological
prevention of crimes, we must not forget that the activities to implement these
measures are focused not on the person who is prone to committing crimes, but
on those who are prone to being victims of crimes and on eliminating the factors
that form such a tendency in them.
LITERATURE REVIEW AND METHODS.
Theoretical and methodological
foundations of ensuring the stability of the socio-spiritual environment in
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society, victimological prevention and its dialectical features in ensuring the
stability of the socio-spiritual environment in society, the origin of cases of
violence against minors and child victimization, issues related to the importance
of ensuring the rights of the child in international law T.V. Varchuk, E.N.
Yershova, L.S. Alekseyeva, B. Neil, A.L. Genley, B. Fortson, J. Klevens, M. Merrick,
L. Gilbert, S. Alexander, S. Graham, S. Limber, P. Olvis, L.V. Frank, D.V. Rivman,
Y.M. Antonyan, V.S. Ustinov, I.A. Fargiyev, V.I. Polubinsky, Q.R. Abdurasulova, I.U.
Ismailov, J.S. Mukhtorov, S.B. Khojakulov, Analyzed in the scientific works of
scientists such as D.R. Turayeva, Sh.K. Giyasov.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.
As many countries in the world as there are,
there are vices such as crime, delinquency, corruption that have a direct
negative impact on the positive changes of the country, and this requires
constantly identifying their causes, finding ways to eliminate them, and
combating them. It should be noted that in our country, maintaining public order
and ensuring security, preventing crimes and combating crime are urgent tasks,
and this is the main task of the internal affairs bodies.
Our wise people did not say for nothing that a house where there is a
quarrel for one day will not be blessed for forty days. For this reason, after the
head of our state, Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev, began his activities as
President, the fight against crime and the prevention of offenses have risen to
the level of state policy in our country. Significant work is being done in our
society to ensure the important principles of “Law and justice are a priority” and
“Punishment for crime is inevitable”, to improve the activities of the court,
prosecutor's office, internal affairs bodies, and the bar, and to literally turn them
into defenders of human rights and interests.
As our President noted, the most important task of those responsible is to
identify a crime, find its cause, prevent offenses, and curb it. It is better to
prevent a crime than to punish a criminal. It is necessary to strengthen
cooperation in this direction. The fight against crime should be a criterion for
the activities of not only law enforcement agencies, but also all of us.
Strengthening public control is also of great importance in preventing crime.
Also, a person cannot be educated only by punishment, only by repressive
methods. Life itself has proven this many times. To educate a person, the whole
society must act, and first of all, we must eliminate the causes and factors that
create criminal situations from our lives.
The Strategy of Actions on the five priority areas of development of the
Republic of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021 provides for such tasks as “increasing the
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effectiveness of coordination of activities in combating crime and preventing
offenses”. This requires the introduction of advanced practices, working
methods and innovative technologies into the activities of internal affairs bodies
in our republic, improving their activities in legal, organizational,
methodological, material and technical terms and providing them with qualified
personnel, maintaining public order and ensuring security, and preventing
offenses on the basis of increasing the effectiveness of the participation of public
structures.
Over the past period, large-scale reforms in this area have been
implemented and are being implemented in our republic. In particular, the laws
of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Crime Prevention”, “On Internal Affairs
Bodies”, the decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated
February 7, 2017 No. PF-4947 “On the Strategy of Actions for the Further
Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan”, dated April 10, 2017 No. PF-5005
“On measures to radically increase the efficiency of the activities of internal
affairs bodies, strengthen their responsibility in ensuring public order, reliable
protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens”, dated
March 26, 2021 No. PF-6196 “On measures to raise the activities of internal
affairs bodies to a qualitatively new level in the field of ensuring public safety
and combating crime”, and the “Organizational Regulation on Further Improving
the Activities of Internal Affairs Bodies” dated April 12, 2017 "On measures" No.
PQ-2883, "On measures to radically improve the activities of internal affairs
bodies in the field of maintaining public order and ensuring public safety" No.
PQ-2940 dated May 1, 2017, "On the introduction of a qualitatively new system
of maintaining public order, preventing offenses and combating crime in the city
of Tashkent" No. PQ-3528 dated February 14, 2018, "On additional measures to
increase the effectiveness of maintaining public order, preventing offenses and
combating crime in the city of Tashkent" No. PQ-3786 dated June 19, 2018, "On
additional measures to increase the effectiveness of ensuring public order,
preventing offenses and combating crime in the city of Tashkent" No. PQ-4075
dated December 24, 2018, Resolution No. PQ-5050 of April 2, 2021 "On
additional organizational measures to further improve the activities of internal
affairs bodies in the field of ensuring public safety and combating crime" and
other regulatory and legal documents of the ministry in this area set out the
tasks that must be performed in the field of maintaining public order and
ensuring safety, and preventing crimes.
Based on the above-mentioned laws and by-laws, the system is studying the
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experiences of foreign countries in combating crime and preventing crimes, and
introducing advanced innovative technologies.
As society is always developing, crime is also developing, becoming more
complex and improved. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the activities of all
law enforcement agencies, in addition to the internal affairs bodies that are
currently engaged in the prevention of crimes and the detection of crimes.
The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On measures to
raise the activities of internal affairs bodies in the field of ensuring public safety
and combating crime to a qualitatively new level” stipulated that local law
enforcement agencies should be gradually established on the basis of the bases
of internal affairs bodies, that the local law enforcement agency should be
considered the main link in ensuring public safety in the region, preventing
crimes and combating crime, that the relevant sectoral services of the internal
affairs bodies in the region, as well as the National Guard and other state bodies,
should be organized on the basis of the local law enforcement agency, and that
the preventive inspector should be entrusted with the task of systematically
organizing and coordinating the work of ensuring public safety, preventing
crimes and combating crime by the local law enforcement agency.
Based on these tasks, on November 29 of this year, the Decree of the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Approval of the Concept of Public
Security of the Republic of Uzbekistan and Measures for Its Implementation”
was adopted. This decree developed the strategy “Development of the Public
Security System in the Republic of Uzbekistan” for 2022-2025.
The main tasks of the strategy were to regulate, systematize relations in the
field of public safety, eliminate existing legal gaps and conflicts, maintain public
order, prevent crimes, ensure road safety, and coordinate probation activities,
including developing and constantly improving an algorithm for the joint
movement of forces and means of ministries and departments involved in
holding public events, widely introducing modern forms and methods of work
and advanced information technologies into public safety activities, minimizing
the human factor in service activities by increasing the digitalization of the
public safety system to 90 percent, and sharply reducing recidivism by persons
under preventive accounting, administrative control, and probation control.
CONCLUSION.
As part of the large-scale reforms being implemented in our
country, special attention is being paid to ensuring a peaceful and quiet life for
the population and the formation of a culture of law-abidingness and public
safety in our society. In particular, completely new mechanisms and procedures
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for organizing work in the field of ensuring public safety on the basis of the
principle of "Serving the interests of the people" have been introduced, and
purposeful cooperation between state bodies and public structures has been
established. At the same time, the growing number of various dangers and
conflicts in the world, threats to national peace and tranquility, pandemics,
natural and man-made disasters impose on responsible state structures the task
of further improving their activities based on the priority idea of "All efforts are
for human dignity."
References:
1. Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On Crime Prevention”. – T., 2014.
2. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 26, 2021
No. PF-6196 “On measures to raise the activities of internal affairs bodies in the
field of ensuring public security and combating crime to a qualitatively new
level”.
3. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On
approval of the “road map” for the implementation of the Strategy for the
development of the public security system in the Republic of Uzbekistan in
2022–2025 in 2023”, No. 121 dated 03.23. https://lex.uz/docs/6411327
4. Mirziyoyev Sh.M. Strategy of the New Uzbekistan. – Tashkent: “Oʻzbekiston”
publishing house, 2021. – P. 107.
5. Rustambayev M.Kh., Niyozova S.S. Victimology General part. Textbook//
Tashkent: Public Security University of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2021. – 239
p.
6. Esanova Z.N. “Procedural features of considering disputes related to child
upbringing in court”. // Editor-in-chief: Academician, Doctor of Laws, Professor
H.R. Rakhmonkulov. – Tashkent.: Publishing House of the Juvenile Justice
System, 2010. - 289 p.
7. Miruktamova F. “Practical proposals for improving national legislation on the
system of juvenile justice, taking into account international standards” –
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