All articles - Toxicology

Hozirgi vaqtda suyultirilgan tabiiy gaz global uglevodorod bozorida tobora muhim rol o'ynamoqda. Suyultirilgan tabiiy gaz iste'molining ko'payishi nafaqat ayrim mamlakatlar va mintaqalarda o'z energiya resurslarining yetishmasligi, balki, avvalambor, suyultirilgan tabiiy gazning boshqa energiya manbalariga nisbatan sezilarli afzalliklari bilan bog'liq. Birinchidan, suyultirilgan tabiiy gazni etkazib berish uchun gaz quvurlari tizimini, shu jumladan borish qiyin bo'lgan joylarda qurish va texnik xizmat ko'rsatishning hojati yo'q. Suyultirilgan tabiiy gazning asosiy afzalligi uni dengiz orqali uzoq masofalarga tashish, okeanlararo etkazib berishni amalga oshirish va eng past narxlarda bozorlarda sotish qobiliyatidir. Bu ayniqsa, energiya xavfsizligini mustahkamlash va gaz eksportini diversifikatsiya qilishga intilayotgan O'zbekiston uchun to'g'ri keladi. Ikkinchidan, suyultirilgan tabiiy gaz quvur liniyasiga nisbatan yuqori sifat bilan tavsiflanadi. Buning sababi shundaki, suyultirish jarayonida gaz zararli aralashmalar va oltingugurt birikmalaridan tozalanadi, shuning uchun chiqishda metan miqdori yuqori bo'lgan deyarli toza gaz olinadi. Bundan tashqari, suyultirilgan tabiiy gaz uglevodorod elektr energiyasi olishda ekologik toza manba hisoblanadi.

Subjects of research: animal venoms and their components.
Purpose of work: the study of toxicological peculiarities of the mechanism of effect of some animal venoms and their components on the nerve-muscle cells of blood vessels and activation of hemostasis; elaboration of recommendations on the development of medicinal and diagnostic preparations on the basis of obtained data.
Methods of research: biophysical, biochemical, as well as physiological methods of study.
The results obtained and their novelty: during the study of the peculiarities of the mechanism of neuro- and hemotoxic effects of different venoms of spiders Argiope lobata, Anemesia sp., Eresus niger, Agelena labrintina, llohona singoriensis, scorpions Mesobuthus caucasicus and Mesobuthus sp., as well as the snakes Echis multisquamatus and Vipera lebetina we discovered and isolated neuro- and hemotoxins specifically modifying different types of Ca2’ canals and receptors of blood-vessel cells, and activation of Ca2' dependent processes of the hemostasis system.
Practical value: obtained data arc, first and foremost, of fundamental interest since the use of components of animal venoms as instruments enables a significant expansion of the knowledge of mechanisms of functioning and organization of glutamate receptors, contractive activity of the smooth muscle cells, activation of hemostasis, as well as peculiarities of the organization of the modulation of the calcium homeostasis and related transport systems of various cells. Besides, these results will be applied not only at the establishment of disturbances of molecular mechanisms of the functioning of the cardiac-vascular and homeostasis systems, but also can be applied in the clinical practice for the regulation of the process of hemostasis at thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications widely spread all over the world.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: a technology of production of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory ointment is developed based on data obtained, as is the diagnostic method determining the activation of the tissue factor III (external way of blood coagulation), which is manifested at the violation of the function of the vascular hemostasis.
Field of application: physiology, biophysics, pharmacology, public health.