STUDENTLERDI BIRLESTIRIW: XALÍQARALÍQ IZERTLEWLER HÁM PÁNLER BOYINSHA BIRGE
ISLESIW 1-XALÍQARALÍQ STUDENTLER KONFERENCIYASÍ. NÓKIS, 2025-JÍL 20-21-MAY
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Список использованной литературы:
1.
Evans, V., & Green, M. (2006). Cognitive Linguistics: An Introduction. Edinburgh University
Press. 8-p.
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Aitchison, J. (2012). Words in the mind: An introduction to the mental lexicon. 4th ed. Wiley-
Blackwell. 9-p.
3.
de Bot, K., Lowie, W., & Verspoor, M. (2007). A dynamic systems theory approach to second
language acquisition. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition.
4.
Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2016). E-Learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven
Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning. Wiley
5.
Hymes, D. (1972). On Communicative Competence. In J.B. Pride & J. Holmes (Eds.),
Sociolinguistics. Penguin Books.
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Canale, M., & Swain, M. (1980). Theoretical bases of communicative approaches to second
language teaching and testing. Applied Linguistics.
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Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes.
Harvard University Press.
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN CHINESE AND KARAKALPAK GRAMMAR
Kadirbergenova D.Z.
Nukus,Uzbekistan
4
th
year student, Berdakh KSU
Abstract
: There has limited research on the similar aspects of the Chinese and Karakalpak
languages so far. This paper aims to identify common linguistic parts such as the affixes and word
order, using the comparative method. Being aware of these similarities can make the language
acquisition simpler for learners.
Keywords
: Chinese, Karakalpak, learners, grammar, similarities, possessive suffix, possessive
case, relative clause, comparative degree.
In recent years, learning the Chinese language has gained popularity among language learners.
Being proficient enables them not only to talk to the native speakers, but also to study or work in this
developed country. However, this language acquisition requires much more effort as there are more
differences such as the characters instead of letters, various tones on every syllable. Despite these
differences, learners can encounter some similarities between the Karakalpak and Chinese languages
which can help in the learning process.
Possessive construction
. Unlike English and Russian, both Chinese and Karakalpak grammar
allows people to use only one suffix in order to show the possessive meaning regardless of genders
and number. In Chinese the suffix "
的
" (de) is placed after the attribute:
e.g.
我
的
书
Wǒ de shū (my book)
Similarly, Karakalpak speakers also use the possessive case suffixes (iyelik sepligi nıń, niń , dıń,
diń, tıń, tiń) based on its phonetic rules.
e.g. Men
iń
kitabım
Sometimes it is possible to omit “
的
” in Chinese when it indicates family members or close
relationships:
我
(
的
)
妈妈
Wǒ (de) māmā
The similar scene can be observed when the attribute is clear from the context:
STUDENTLERDI BIRLESTIRIW: XALÍQARALÍQ IZERTLEWLER HÁM PÁNLER BOYINSHA BIRGE
ISLESIW 1-XALÍQARALÍQ STUDENTLER KONFERENCIYASÍ. NÓKIS, 2025-JÍL 20-21-MAY
__
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
70
Úy(diń) aldı ( We have already known which house is described in this sentence)
Nonetheless, it is essential to mention that the suffixes of the noun cannot be found in Chinese
grammar.
e.g.
我
的
书
Wǒ-de-shū (men-(n)iń-kitap)
Meniń kitab
ım
Relative Clauses.
Another similarity is the second meaning of “
的
” and the relative clause
(kelbetlik feyil). “
的
” is used between the attribute and the qualified noun which is the same as the
relative clause in Karakalpak grammar. Nevertheless, it has a different term “Kelbetlik feyil”. It can
function with the help of suffixes “ǵan, gen, qan, ken” that attach to the verbs. In both languages, this
structure could be used as a predicate or attribute.
e.g
我
买
的
书
Wǒ mǎi
de
shū
Men satıp al
ǵan
kitap (as an attribute)
Comparative Degree
. Specific markers are served to indicate comparative degree in both
languages. In Chinese
一点儿
(yīdiănr) might be used after the adjectives to exhibit this degree while
Karakalpaks could use the affixes like law, lew, ıraq, irek, ǵılt, gilt in the same place.
瘦一点儿
(shòu
yīdiănr
) a little narrower
tar-
law
a little narrower
To conclude, although every language is unique, the Chinese and Karakalpak languages can share
similarities. When the Karakalpak learners acquire Chinese language or vice versa, this method can
make this process more straightforward and efficient.
References
:
1.Rong Jihua . (2011). Developing Chinese: Elementary comprehensive course 1. Beijing
Language and Culture University Press.
2. Liu, X. (2006). Новый практический курс китайского языка [New practical course in
Chinese]. Beijing Language and Culture University Press.
3.Dawletov, A. (2010). Hazirgi Qaraqalpaq adebiy tili: Morfemika [Modern Karakalpak literary
language: Morphology]. Nukus “Bilim”.
4.Seydullaeva, D. (2012). Hazirgi Qaraqalpaq tili: Sintaksis [Modern Karakalpak language:
Syntax]. Nukus.
5.https://www.archchinese.com
SHAWDÍRBAY SEYTOV POEZIYASÍNDA INSAN RUWHÍNÍŃ OBRAZLÍ
SÁWLELENIWI
Kazaxbaeva Aqsúngúl
QMU magistrantı
Annotaciya: Bul maqalada qaraqalpaq poeziyasınıń iri wákili Shawdırbay Seyitov dóretiwshiligi,
atap aytqanda onıń “Jollar” poeziyalıq toplamı tiykarında insan ruwxınıń obrazlı ańlatılıwı analiz
etiledi. Avtordıń lirikasında obrazlar sisteması arqalı insannıń ishki keshirmeleri, muhabbatı,
saǵınıshı, patriotlıǵı hám turmıslıq izertlewleri sáwleleniwin kórsetedi. Lirikalıq qaharmannıń ishki
álemi tábiyiy tábiyat kórinisleri, simvollıq ańlatpalar, metafora hám dialog formaları járdeminde ashıp
berilgen. “Saǵınısh” qosıǵına bólek itibar qaratılıp, ondaǵı qaharmannıń tereń psixikalıq jaǵdayı,
muhabbat hám ayralıq keshirmeleri poetikalıq analiz etiledi. Maqala Shawdırbay Seyitov
poeziyasında lirikalıq qaharman obrazın qáliplestiriw quralları hám kórkem-estetikalıq principlerdi
ashıp beredi.
