STUDENTLERDI BIRLESTIRIW: XALÍQARALÍQ IZERTLEWLER HÁM PÁNLER BOYINSHA BIRGE
ISLESIW 1-XALÍQARALÍQ STUDENTLER KONFERENCIYASÍ. NÓKIS, 2025-JÍL 20-21-MAY
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4.
Hornberger, N.H. (1991) “Extending enrichment bilingual education: revisiting typologies and
redirecting policy.” In García, O. (ed.) Bilingual education: focusschrift in honor of Joshua A.
Fishman. Vol. I. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 215-234
5.
Trueba, H.T. (1979) “Bilingual-education models: types and designs.” In Trueba, H.T. and
Barnett-Mizrahi, C. (eds.) Bilingual multicultural education and the professional: from theory to
practice. Rowley: Newbury House Publishers. pp. 54-73
6.
Villarreal, A. (1999) Rethinking the education of English language learners: transitional
bilingual education programs. Bilingual Research Journal, 23 (1): 11-45
BOLALARDA MILLIY MULOQOT KOMPETENSIYASINI SHAKLLANTIRISH
Davlatova Hulkaroy Uktamovna
Andijon davlat chet tillari instituti
Ingliz tili nazariy aspektlari kafedrasi dotsenti
Annotatsiya:
Har bir millat uchun o‘z ona tili haqiqiy xazina hisoblanadi. Til inson dunyosi va
madaniyatini aks ettiradi. Tilning eng muhim vazifasi shundaki, u madaniyatni saqlab qoladi va uni
avloddan avlodga yetkazadi. Shuning uchun ham til shaxsiyat, milliy fe’l-atvor, xalq, millat
shakllanishida juda muhim hisoblanadi. Shuning uchun til va madaniyatning o‘zaro ta’siri masalasi
mutaxassislar – kulturologlar, tilshunoslar, faylasuflar uchun ilmiy qiziqish doirasiga kiradi.
Kalit so‘zlar:
millat, bola, nutq, kompotensiya, mutaxassis, tilshunoslar, milliy fe’l-atvor, xalq,
millat
Albatta, madaniyatlarning o‘zaro ta’siri har doim bo‘lgan va bo‘lib kelmoqda. Jahon tarixiga
nazar tashlasak, ushbu tabiiy jarayon odatda ular bilan aloqada bo‘lgan madaniyatlarning o‘zaro
boyishiga olib keladi. Ammo zamonaviy ommaviy axborot vositalari va aloqa tufayli bir
madaniyatning ikkinchisiga ta’siri juda tez seziladi
32
.
Bola jamiyatning a’zosiga aylana borar ekan, o‘ziga xos milliy qadriyatlar ta’siri uning nutqiga
ham singib boradi
33
. Shaxslar muloqot vositasi orqali o‘zaro munosabat o‘rnatar ekanlar, nutqiy
faoliyat insonlargagina xos bo‘lgan muloqotning asosiy manbasidir
34
. Jamiyatning kichik a’zosi o‘z
ehtiyojlarini insoniy munosabatlar hamda nutqiy muloqot natijasidagina qondirish mumkin bo‘lgan
sharoitda voyaga yetadi
35
.
Psixologik nuqtai nazardan olib qaralganda, ba’zi bolalar yoshlik chog‘laridan tabiatan kam gap
bo‘ladilar. Bola kam gapirsa-da, unga gapirilayotgan hamma so‘zlarni tushunadi. Bolalarning so‘zga
chechan va gapdon bo‘lishlari bevosita ularni o‘rab turgan ijtimoiy-lisoniy muhitga bog‘liq.
Bolalar nutqidagi milliy so‘zlarni hech kim maxsus o‘rgatmaydi, bola qaysi millat vakili bo‘lsa,
yashab turgan ijtimoiy muhiti ularning nutqida aks etadi. O‘zbek, ingliz, fransuz, xitoy, kim
bo‘lishidan qat’iy nazar, o‘z ichki ehtiyojlaridan kelib chiqib milliyligiga oid so‘zlarni muloqot
jarayonida qo‘llaydi
36
. Har bir millatga xos milliylikni bildiruvchi so‘zlarning kelib chiqishi bevosita
tarixga bog‘liq. Masalan: o‘zbek bolalari uchun bosh va ustki kiyimlarni ifodalovchi
do‘ppi, salla,
cho‘girma, to‘n, chopon
kabi milliylikni bildiruvchi so‘zlarini hech kim o‘rgatmaydi, milliylikni
32
Х.У Давлатова. (2019) The variation of teaching kids to greeting in Uzbekistan and Great Britain. Молодой ученый,
(1), 212-213
33
Davlatova Khulkaroy. (2023). The role of psycholinguistics in the study of a foreing languages. international
engineering journal for research & development. VOL. 8 NO. 4: VOLUME 8
34
Ольшанский В.Б. Социализация //Философская энциклопедия. Т. 5. М.: Сов. энциклопедия, 1970. – С.66-67.
35
Леонтьев А.Н. Психология общения. – Тарту, 1974. – С. 218.
36
Davlatova, H. (2022). BOLALARNING AQLI VA NUTQI RIVOJLANISHIDA OILANING TA’SIRI. Scientific
journal of the Fergana State University, (1), 51-51.
STUDENTLERDI BIRLESTIRIW: XALÍQARALÍQ IZERTLEWLER HÁM PÁNLER BOYINSHA BIRGE
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anglatuvchi bunday so‘zlar oiladagi ijtimoiylashuv va muloqot jarayonida bolalarning nutqiga singib
ketadi
37
.
Yuqorida aytib o‘tilgan milliy-madaniy markerlangan so‘zlarning tarixi biz uchun ozmi-ko‘pmi
tanish
38
. Xuddi shunday ingliz, xitoy, fransuzlarning milliyligini ifodalovchi so‘zlarning kelib chiqishi
va nutqda faol qo‘llanilishi ularning nutqida qiyinchilik tug‘dirmaydi. G.Iskandarovaning
ko‘rsatishicha, xitoylik bolalar juda yoshligidan boshlab o‘zlarining milliyligini anglatuvchi so‘zlarni
yaxshi biladilar:
guruch, soya suti
kabi yegulik nomlarini
; qizil fonuslar, tilla baliqlar va ajdarho
tasviri, ovqat yeyish uchun mo‘ljallangan tayoqchalar
kabi artefaktlar nomlarini. Fransuz bolalari
uchun
xo‘roz-mag‘rurlik belgisi, Eyfel minorasi, egzagon olti burchagi, pishloq, Marianna byusti,
Mersel’eza madhiyasi, uch rangli bayroq, vino, shior (ozodlik, tenglik, birodarlik)
va ko‘plab
milliyligini bildiruvchi so‘zlar ular uchun begona emas
39
.
Ingliz oilasidagi bolalar uchun “
Cardigan”, “balaclava”, "Wellies"
kabi milliy so‘zlari ham ular
uchun notanish emas. “Cardigan”, “balaclava”, "Wellies
40
so‘zlarini o‘zbek tiliga tarjima
qilganimizda – "Kardigan"(kamzul, nimcha), "balaklav", "rezina etiklar"
41
degan ma’noni anglatadi.
(Ingliz xalqida bugungi kundalik kiyimlarning ko‘plari azaliy an’anaga ega. 1853-1856 yillardagi
urush paytida Qrimdagi juda sovuq qish ularga kardigan va balaklav nomlarini bergan. Chunki Lord
(1854) Kardigan va Balaklava jangida yengil (asosiy qo‘shinning qismini) brigadani boshqargan.
Kardigan yengil tugmachali iliq, yungli matodan tikilgan kalta kamzul, Balaklava esa yungli matodan
tikilgan shlyapa. Yana bir ingliz askari Vellington o‘z ismini kiyib yurgan etigiga beradi va bu
hozirgacha saqlanib qolgan. Uni inglizlar qisqargan nomi bilan ishlatishadi ya’ni "Wellies" –
“Kauchuk etik”)
Mulozamat britaniyaliklar madaniyatining muhim qismi va muloqot bezagi hisoblanadi.
Inglizlarning milliy nutqida
“please” - iltimos, “thank you” - rahmat va “sorry” - uzr
so‘zlari doimo
qo‘llanadi va bu so‘zlarni qo‘llash inglizlar bolalarining nutqiga ham ko‘chgan.
Tadqiqotlar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, Britaniyada ikki nafargacha farzandi bor oilalar baxtli
hisoblanadilar, uchinchi farzand tug‘ilishi ular uchun baxt olib kelmaydi
42
.
Amerikalik ota-onalar, farzandlariga dunyoni kuzatish orqali ularning qiziqishlarini oshirishga
harakat qilishadi. Bu esa ularning farzand tarbiyasidagi maxsus usulidir
43
. Yevropalik inglizlar
intelektual ongni qadrlashadi va farzandlariga kitob o‘rganish, o‘rgangan kitobi bo‘yicha savol
berishsa, bu aqlning belgisi deb hisoblashadi
44
. Italiyalik ota-onalar ijtimoiy va hissiy qobiliyatlarni
qadrlashadi va bu shaxslararo muloqot ko‘nikmalarini namoyish etadi, deb hisoblashadi.
Gollandiyalik ota-onalar esa farzandlariga tarbiya jarayonida mustaqil fikrlashga va har bir narsaga
e’tiborli bo‘lishga, ayniqsa, bashorat qilishni qadrlashadi; ularning nazarida, suhbatdoshiga biror
mavzu yuzasidan savol berish salbiy xatti-harakat bo‘lib, mustaqillikni yo‘qligini anglatadi
45
.
37
Uktamovna, H. D. (2019). OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENGLISH-SPEAKING VOICES IN THE SPEECH OF
CHILDREN OF THE FIRST SCHOOL AGE. PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH, 1(1), 226-229
38
Davlatova Hulkaroy Uktamovna. (2021). Psycholinguistic research of children's speech by scientists. Researchjet
Journal of Analisys and Inventions. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/ud96m Volume 2, Issue 5 May,
39
Искандарова Г. Болалар мулоқот хулқининг гендер ва лингвокультурологик хусусиятлари // УзМУ хабарлари.
2015 № 12. – Б. 200.
40
National Costume of England - National Dress - Project Britain
http://projectbritain.com/costume.html
41
National Costume of England - National Dress - Project Britain
http://projectbritain.com/costume.html
42
Robert K. Thomas. 1958. "Cherokee Values and World View" Unpublished MS, University of North Carolina Available
at: http://works.bepress.com/robert_thomas/40
43
Growing Up in a Culture of Respect: Child Rearing in Highland Peru
. University of Texas Press. pp.
Bolin, Inge (2006).
44
Growing Up in a Culture of Respect: Child Rearing in Highland Peru. University of Texas Press. pp. 6367. ISBN
978-0-292-71298-0. Bolin, Inge (2006).
45
Bolin Inge. Growing Up in a Culture of Respect: Child Rearing in Highland Peru. Austin: University of Texas Press,
2006. Project MUSE. Web. 13 May. 2014. <http://muse.jhu.edu/>.
STUDENTLERDI BIRLESTIRIW: XALÍQARALÍQ IZERTLEWLER HÁM PÁNLER BOYINSHA BIRGE
ISLESIW 1-XALÍQARALÍQ STUDENTLER KONFERENCIYASÍ. NÓKIS, 2025-JÍL 20-21-MAY
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Mahalliy amerikaliklar uchun bola tarbiyasidagi yana bir ahamiyatli jihati shundaki, bolalar uchun o‘z
shaxsiyatini, jamiyati va madaniy tarixi haqida ma’lumotlarni bilish, tarixiy hikoyalarni o‘qish va
o‘rganishdir. Mahalliy afsonalar va folklor
ko‘pincha hayvonlar va narsalar orqali aks ettiriladi. Har
bir narsaning ruhi borligi va hurmatga loyiq ekanligiga hikoyalarni o‘qish orqali ularning ishonchi
yana bir bor tasdiqlanadi. Ushbu hikoyalar, mahalliy tilni saqlashga yordam beradi va milliy
qadriyatlarni, madaniy tarixni aks ettirishga katta ahamiyatga ega hisoblanadi
46
.
Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar ro‘yhati
1.
Ольшанский В.Б. Социализация //Философская энциклопедия. Т. 5. М.: Сов.
энциклопедия, 1970. – С.66-67.
2.
Леонтьев А.Н. Психология общения. – Тарту, 1974. – С. 218.
3.
Искандарова Г. Болалар мулоқот хулқининг гендер ва лингвокультурологик
хусусиятлари // УзМУ хабарлари. 2015 № 12. – Б. 200.
4.
National
Costume
of
England
-
National
Dress
-
Project
Britain
http://projectbritain.com/costume.html
5.
Mikes George. How To Be An Alien. Wingate, London / NY, 1946.
http://f2.org/humour/howalien.html
6.
Mikes George. How To Be An Alien. Wingate, London / NY, 1946.
http://f2.org/humour/howalien.html
7.
Robert K. Thomas. 1958. "Cherokee Values and World View" Unpublished MS, University
of North Carolina Available at: http://works.bepress.com/robert_thomas/40
8.
Growing Up in a Culture of Respect: Child Rearing in Highland Peru. University of Texas
Press. pp. 6367. ISBN 978-0-292-71298-0. Bolin, Inge (2006).
9.
Bolin Inge. Growing Up in a Culture of Respect: Child Rearing in Highland Peru. Austin:
University of Texas Press, 2006. Project MUSE. Web. 13 May. 2014. <http://muse.jhu.edu/>.
10.
Bolin Inge. Growing Up in a Culture of Respect: Child Rearing in Highland Peru. Austin:
University
of
Texas
Press,
2006.
Project
MUSE.
Web.
13
May.
2014.
<http://muse.jhu.edu/>.[page needed
11.
Davlatova Hulkaroy Uktamovna. (2021). Psycholinguistic research of children's speech by
scientists.
Researchjet
Journal
of
Analisys
and
Inventions.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17605/osf.io/ud96m Volume 2, Issue 5 May,
12.
Davlatova, H. (2022). BOLALARNING AQLI VA NUTQI RIVOJLANISHIDA OILANING
TA’SIRI. Scientific journal of the Fergana State University, (1), 51-51.
13.
Davlatova Khulkaroy. (2023). The role of psycholinguistics in the study of a foreing
languages. international engineering journal for research & development. VOL. 8 NO. 4:
VOLUME 8
14.
Х.У Давлатова. (2019) The variation of teaching kids to greeting in Uzbekistan and Great
Britain. Молодой ученый, (1), 212-213
15.
Uktamovna, H. D. (2019). OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENGLISH-SPEAKING VOICES IN THE
SPEECH OF CHILDREN OF THE FIRST SCHOOL AGE. PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
OF ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, 1(1), 226-229
46
Bolin Inge. Growing Up in a Culture of Respect: Child Rearing in Highland Peru. Austin: University of Texas Press,
2006. Project MUSE. Web. 13 May. 2014. <http://muse.jhu.edu/>.[page needed
