All articles - Instruments and Instrumentation

Maqolada changli gazlarni ho‘l usulda tozalovchi apparatni sanoatda qo‘llash va uning tozalash samaradorligini aniqlash rejimlari tavsiya etilgan.

Maqolada “KVARTS” AJda korxonasining xom-ashyo sexida shisha tarkibiga qo‘shiluvchi shixtalarni aralashtirish samaradorligi yuqori bo‘lgan, energiyatejamkor, kuraklarini shaklini o’zkartirtilgan va qiyalik burchaklari optimal variant hisoblangan apparatini takomillashtirilgan konstruksiyasi taklif etilgan.

Topicality and demand of the subject of dissertation. The major problem put by the state in front of the textile industry is achievement of a steady place of textile production in the international market and to bring the contribution to a gain of level of economically developed countries of the world. As the President of Republic Uzbekistan Islam Karimov has underlined: “Special attention should be turned on the further development of manufacture, first of all in apparel, textile and food-processing industry, on more profound processing of a cotton fiber, other agricultural production and a source of raw materials, the industry of building materials, the organization of release of the ready qualitative production using steady demand”1.
In Uzbekistan advancing rates manufacture of knitted products develops, new technologies arc applied and the assortment of knitwear extends.
In the industry, trade and sphere of services demand to manufacture of the knitted products combining high adaptability to manufacture and the low cost price with good consumer properties. Therefore the decision of the above-stated problems in technology of knitted manufacture gets special value and is necessary.
According to the Decision of the Cabinet Ministers of Republic Uzbekistan from August, 8th, 2012 №234 «About additional measures on expansion of assortment and increase in volume of manufacture non-food products in 2012-2015» for the textile industry in modern conditions of market economy there is a problem of expansion of assortment and increase in volume of manufacture qualitative, competitive in the internal and external markets non-food products.
Consumer’ requirements to quality and appearance of product are daily increasing. Therefore the attention to the question of replacement of a smooth cloth on wide assortment with pattern effect is sharply brought. Now at the knitting enterprises of Republic there is enough modem circular and flat knitting equipment. Knitting machines have wide technological possibilities for producing of new kind’s fabric assortment. For today necessity of use for full capacity of the given equipment and possibility of producing of various kinds of structures with use pattern elements is an actual problem to which decision the present dissertation is devoted.
Purpose of the research is the substantiation of technology of producing new kinds of fabric assortment at double weft machines, to create of new structures, and also expansion of technological possibilities of the equipment by development of interloopings with small rapport patterned effect.
Scientific novelty of dissertational research consists of the following:
it is offered the new method of producing piece knitting plush structure on double flat machines (IDP 2002 05204) and method of producing of plush knitting on double warp machines (IDP 2002 05205);
it is recommended the rational intcrlooping scheme by improvement intcrlooping systems of flat knitting machines and technology of producing patterned piece knitting by plush intcrlooping;
it is revealed influence of technological parameters and physical-mechanical properties of double knitted interloopings by using of pattern elements on decreasing of raw material expenditure (UZ FAP 00830);
it is theoretically proved parameters of yam feeding process on double weft flat and circular machines at various construction of yam feeder;
it is scientifically proved parameters of yam feeding in bending process and tension at enter and exit at yam moving on spire parts of the machine on the basis of Euler's law with using of Maple program;
it is developed the new method of definition of length of plush loop yam at calculation of technological parameters of knitting and it is recommended the new coefficient for definition of plush loop length;
it is worked out and projected the new way of the automated calculation of parameters of knitting structures with using of program Delphi 7.
THE CONCLUSION
In dissertational work on the basis of theoretical and experimental researches in the field of technology of producing of new kind’s fabric assortment with double weft machines, new methods and the technological workings out having essential value for increase of efficiency of processes of manufacture and quality of finished articles arc offered. As a result following results arc received:
1. It is revealed, that at the knitting enterprises of Uzbekistan basically arc developed unary and double weft intcrloopings from a class of the main, derivative and some patterned intcrloopings. But they arc not made difficult patterned and combined intcrloopings which would allow to improve quality, appearance, pattern effect and to satisfy consumer requirements, thereby effectively to use technological possibilities weft double knitting machines.
2. It is worked out and recommended on the basis of the analysis the features of development of plush knitting ways of development piece patterned plush knitting with a new design of yam feeding devices and with installation of pins and needles on double knitting machines (IDP 2002 05204, IDP 2002 05205).
3. On the basis of studying of technological possibilities double circular interlock machines TERROT and double flat knitting machines PROTTI arc developed a pattern ornament, a patron of needles, structure, graphic notice and the description of knitting process on courses for new on base interlock intcrloopings with application of an additional element - cardigan loops and double face jacquard intcrloopings with small rapport a pattern for creation of patterned effect on a fabric surface.
4. Mathematical descriptions of process arc recommended at change of each of parameters depending on quantity change of cardigan loops in intcrloopings rapport which arc one-factorial mathematical models. By results of experiment the size of reliability of approximation R2<1 also aspires to a minimum.
5. Variants of fabrics with the reduced expense of raw materials as structures with the improved indicators and properties which arc developed on weft double machines on the basis of results of researches of technological parameters and physical-mcchanical properties on base interlock and double face jacquard intcrloopings arc developed and recommended.
6. Considerable reduction of volume density of new structures derivative interlock knitting three rib, four rib and five rib intcrloopings in comparison with a base intcrlooping at the expense of an arrangement of elements of loopy structure is provcd:-in three rib knitting - 9,8 %;-in four rib knitting - 29,2 %; - in five rib knitting - 34,4 %.
7. It is established, that at constant depth bending the maximum values of a tension depend on an entrance tension, frictional properties of a superficial friction and, mainly from a comer bending, and ways of decrease in a tension of a thread in branches of bending threads arc theoretically proved.
8. Application of a way of counter movement of spire parts, i.e. use on circular machine mobile trick walls, rubber coverings of a surface of the rollers possessing damping properties is theoretically proved, possibility of reduction of comer of grasp and time bending is thus defined.
9. The mathematical model of process in which bending is considered in five stages is constructed. Thus depth bending needles and lifting trick walls arc considered as known functions of time and at these assumptions dependences between a tension of a thread and a corner of a grasp, speed of descent of a needle and lifting trick walls, and thus arc received, law of change a thread tension in the beginning and the end of each stage is established.
10. It is established, that at trick walls lifting simultaneously with lowering of a needle the thread tension decreases in comparison with usual bending process, depending on friction factor, for 20-40 %. For circular machines with concrete data the settlement it is by defined, that value of a tension of a thread at simultaneous lowering of a needle and lifting trick walls decreases for 37,9 % and at simultaneous use of rotating rollers in addition - on 5,6 %.
11. Interfaces of calculation of technological parameters of such intcrloopings, as plain, rib 1+1, interlock, plush and a new method of calculation of plush knitting which much more simplifies definition of technological parameters with introduction of the coefficient defined experimental for upwears, underwear knitting, and also for hosiery arc recommended.
12. Expected economic benefit of application of offered technology of development interlock patterned intcrloopings makes 486000 sum at processing of raw materials of 1000 kg and from application of offered technology of development jacquard intcrloopings makes 1590000 sum at processing of raw materials of 1000 kg in the prices 2013y.

Subjects of research: alloys: a steel 110Г13Л, an alloy (electrode) ОМГ-Н, an alloy (wire) of software AH-105, an alloy (electrode) ЦНИИН-4.
Purpose of work: research structure and characteristic of the high-strength alloys, the chosen high-strength alloys on structure and properties melted metal, and working out of high-efficiency technology of restoration working surfaces cross-pieces by high-mangancse alloy providing, raised physicomcchanical properties and durability.
Method of research: theoretical and experimental studying of structure and properties of high-strength alloys at their restoration, metal-graphic researches.
The results obtained and their novelty: on the basis of the threefold diagrammc: «Fe-Cr-Mn» conditions of allocation "dclta-fcrritc" in alloy arc created, that has allowed to raise its plasticity to lower crack-form . On the basis of the spent researches optimum technological modes restoration by high-strength alloys on a working surface cross-pieces arrowshaped translation the transfers, high physicomcchanical properties providing it and durability arc developed. On the basis of the spent complex researches the restoration technique of the difficult worn out surfaces.
Practical value: it is designed technological process of melting of crosspieces polyclcctrodcs in stationary condition of enterprise The Railway Company" Uzbekiston temir jullari" and other railways C.I.S.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: designed technology : a) it is introduced in RWT-14 of The Railway Company "Uzbekiston temir jullari"; b) it is approved for using on railways of the Russia and C.I.S.. This is executed in the manner of "Technical instructions. The cross-pieces melted automatic polyclcctrodcs by way under gumboil in stationary condition".
The economic effect from introduction designed technologies forms (on one crosspiece ): for cross-pieces R50 - 2666,68 c.u.; for cross-pieces R65 - 3061,51 c.u.
Field of application: enterprises of The Railway Company "Uzbekiston temir jullari", Russia and the other countries of C.I.S., concerning with recovering the cross-pieces arrowshaped translation; scientifically- exploratory organizations of the different branches public facilities.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation. At present a number of accidents have been happening in hydraulic structures build around the world, and 35 percent of them took place due to failing of reservoir discharge stuctures and water overflow trhough the top of dams7. These type of large accidents has taken place in USA, France, Italy, Brazil, South Korea and other countries. In hydraulic structure construction practice, water flow velocity in structures over 100m reach 50-60 m/s, hydrodynamic pressure increase in outflow tonnels, failing of structures against cavitational erosion and tailrace protection structures arc observed. Therefore while designing high pressure hydraulic structures and constructing them a particular attention is given to their safe operation, implementation of vortex flow in discharge structures in order to dissipate energy and protect from cavitational erosion, development of deep discharge structures which allow safe passage of emergency flood waters.
In Uzbekistan implementation of organization of effective measures for effective operation and reconstruction of water reservoirs has been done in a wide scale. Water reservoirs have been used for irrigation purposes for many years in Uzbekistan too. Thus, included, in 2013-2017 construction and reconstruction8 of 8 mudflood and water reservoir is planned with total volume of 40 mln. m3, improvement of their structure, providing their reliable and safe operation, increasing carrying capacity, improvement of operation rejime of discharge structures, improving mechanisms of their effective operation have an important practical value.
Particular attention is paid to the improvement of the structures, basics of design justification, determining the reliability of high pressure reservoir hydrosystem shaft vortex spillways during operational periods. In this area, the realization of target science researches, including conduction of science research is priority task for the following areas: development of disperse mixture swirled flow mathematical model for semi-closed cylindrical pipe of vortex shaft dischargers in air intake conditions; development of hydraulic design mcthodics for vortex spillways in air intake conditions; development of computer software for designing velocity in air intake conditions, pressure and full specific energy profiles for swirled flow in air intake conditions; development of a new tailwater path energy dissipation device; determining the influence of air concentration and tailwaterway on swirled flow energy dissipation structure; development of vortex shaft spillway operational reliability estimation methods.
The dissertation to some extent may contribute to implement problems, defined in Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No 2272 “Organization of State inspection on surveillance of the technical condition of major and important water management objects by the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan” dated March 24, 1999; Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers “About the measures on implementation of the law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “About the safety of hydrauic structures” No.499 dated November 16, 1999, “About organization of Tashkent irrigation and melioration institute” No. 150 dated March 30, 2004.
The aim of the research work is to improve the structure, basis for design justification and to develop estimation methods for operational reliability of shaft vortex discharge structures with tangential swirlers, operating with intensive air intake through shaft.
Scientific novelty of the research work:
hydraulic computation method for vortex dischargers in air intake conditions has been developed;
tangential swirler and swirled flow hydraulic resistance influence was determined;
a new energy dissipation device for tailwacr path was developed;
the influence of air concentration and tailwaterway structure on characteristics and swirled flow energy dissipation was justified;
emergency scenario for failproof operation was composed and vortex shaft discharger operational reliability estimation method was developed.
CONCLUSION
The results of the performed research for the doctoral dissertation named “Imrpoving the structure, design justification and operational reliability of vortex shaft dischargers of high pressure hydrosystems” are as follows:
1. Mathematical model of aerated swirled flow in semi-closed cylindrical pipe vortex shaft discharger with tangential swirler in air intake conditions is developed. Movement equation formulated by similarity criteria of Froude’s, Eyler’s and Reynold’s numbers. This phenomenon allows to determine and design a structure and flow parameters in wide scale with results.
2. It was determined that axial uz tangential ue velocities of swirled flow for tonnel radius 0,2 r... 0,3 r reach maximum, decreases with large gradient to tonnel axis, and with smaller gradient to tonnel walls. Parameters of pressure and specific energy in swirled flow show their decreasing in central near axial zone, up to vacuum, at flow periphery they increase with gradient, equal to centrifugal acceleration, at the same time significant excess energy may happen at waterway walls, which prevents the development of cavitational effects.
3. Vortex discharger hydraulic design mcthodics in air intake conditions has been improved. The developed computer software programs (DGU, 03451, DGU 03452) arc recommended for designing vortex discharge structures. These programs allow for fast and sufficiently accurate analization of flow structure and hydraulic characteristics of high pressure vortex dischargers, including estimation of cavitational condition and determining hydraulic losses.
4. In vortex shaft discharge structures with air intake conditions 31^-45% energy is dissipated in a tangential swirler, 39^45% - in deferent waterway, 70-90% - near swirler.
5. There have been determined patterns of velocity profile, pressure and specific kinetic energy distribution in a swirled flow and hydraulic resistances of tangential swirler and swirled flow in air intake conditions. It is observed that tangential swirler hydraulic resistance increases, the range of change is 0,42 to 0,6. Hydraulic resistance in swirled flow increases with the increase of air intake in deferent path, therefore, energy dissipation intensity has been determined.
6. A new energy dissipation device for deferent waterway has been developed (№ FAP 01104). Converger sizes arc as follows: conicity angle along the vertical is a=5,470, in plan view it is a=2,740, the converger length is /=3,85<7,„ (J„, - shaft diameter).
7. Theoretical design of tangential, axial velocity profiles and pressure plus specific energy has been checked by comparing experimental profiles, obtained during the research of swirled flow in a laboratory device. Satisfactory match of experimental and theoretical design of swirled flow parameters was obtained.
8. Choosing the type of discharger with flow swirling depends on specific hydrosystem conditions and required degree of dissipation excess kinematic energy of flow. The developed new device for energy dissipation in deferent waterway is used with relative length of deferent waterway equal to 20...30 <l/d< 50.. .60 and if its cross section is round, horseshoe-shaped, or pan-shaped.
9. Approximative method for shaft and vortex discharger reliability estimation was developed for operational stage in anylising discharge structures’ emergency statistics, and in design justification of operation of its separate elements, performed with the use of both probabilistic and deterministic design methods.
10. The proposed option for Tupolang water reservoir construction lets to save more than 40% of capital investments. Therefore, annual economic efficiency equals to 6,5 billion sums (in prices of 2015) if vortex discharge structure is used in Tupolang water reservoir.

Topicality and demand of the theme of dissertation. In the world of cocoons arc produced in more than 35 countries and is prepared annually on average 640 000 tonnes of cocoons. Among the countries that produce cocoons, arc the leading people's Republic of China, Uzbekistan, Japan and Korea and these countries produced 92% of the cocoons. Reception cocoon raw materials on the basis of quality indicators and the application of the most efficient technologies of their processing, in the processes of deepening globalization and increasing competitiveness of products on the market cocoon of raw materials remains one of the most important tasks.
In the years of independence in Uzbekistan special attention was paid to the effective development of sericulture, and the development of high quality competitive on the world market of raw materials and silk products. In this aspect, the improved food base, improving the productivity and quality of fibre, the cultivation of resistant pests and diseases of silkworms and development on the basis of modem requirements of production and processing of cocoons achieved tangible results.
Increase productivity and improve the quality of the cocoons by reducing the share of defective cocoons is essential to increase the efficiency of the economy. In this aspect, targeted research, including implementation of the following areas arc considered to be one of the important tasks: biological properties of cocoons, physical and mechanical properties taking into account quality indicators, development of modem methods of determining the qualitative parameters; automation and control of technological processes through the creation of a highspeed device; receiving the cocoons on quality indicators and the organization of this process; organization of control on every stage of cultivation of cocoons and a detailed study of the impact on the quality factors, the development of new technologies; saving of raw materials and high-performance of achievements of science and technology, development of machines and devices the creation of new generation energy-saving controls and automation. The above analysis of scientific studies and trends indicate the relevance of the topic of this thesis.
This dissertation research was to a certain extent is the implementation of the tasks stipulated in the decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PP-512 «About measures for further reforming of silk industry of Uzbekistan» dated 15 November 2006, PP-1512 «On additional measures to stimulate the development of textile industry» on 28 March 2011, and other regulatory instruments adopted in this field.
The object of the study arc the processes of sericulture, new devices for these processes and live cocoons.
Scientific novelty of research consists in the following:
developed and justified statistical methods to determine quality parameters (volumetric stiffness, silkiness of the cocoons, maturity of pods, density and shell thickness) of cocoons on the basis of the rigidity of their shell;
developed a device for determining the volume of solids of complex shape, which is used to determine the amount of cocoons that arc required for the calculation of the correction factor in the calculation of silkiness samples of live cocoons in rented party;
developed a method and apparatus for determining the percentage of immature and cocoons with a large specific volume (capercaillie). Given this information, calculation of silkincss of the cocoons;
there arc three types of method and apparatus for the more accurate determination of actual mass of silk cocoons, as well as the maturity, thickness and density of the shell cocoons hardness of the shell of the delivered consignment of cocoons;
upgraded device for measuring specific volume of cocoons PTI-1M with fixing a constant sample mass of live cocoons (3kg) and automatic removal of the layer height cocoons measuring cylinder, designed to determine silkiness of the cocoons without cut. Developed a rapid method for the determination of silkincss of the cocoons.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of conducted research we can draw the following conclusions:
1. To determine the qualitative parameters of silk cocoons proposed the use of non-destructive statistical methods on the basis of the rigidity of their shell. As a result, receive signals, analyzing and processing using mathematical methods and computer software, it is possible to define such quality parameters as the volumetric stiffness of the sample cocoons, the cocoons silkincss of the cocoons, maturity of pods, thickness and density of the shell cocoons.
2. To determine the correction factor required in calculating silkiness samples of live cocoons in rented party developed a device for determining the volume of solids of complex shape, which allows to determine the average volume of cocoons. The relative error of the developed device is equal to 0,17%.
3. To improve the measurement accuracy of the developed method and device for determining the percentage of immature cocoons and cocoons with a large specific volume, given this information, calculation of silkiness live cocoons. The relative error of the developed device does not exceed 1%.
4. The developed device for determining silkiness, ripeness and thickness of the shell silk cocoons without cut, allow high precision to determine the actual quantity of silk mass of cocoons, ripeness and thickness of the shell cocoons of the delivered consignment due to their rigidity of the shell.
5. To reduce the percentage of immature cocoons, bringing severe economic damage to sericulture, it is proposed modernized version of the instrument PTI-1M with an automatic removal of the layer height of the cocoons of the measuring cylinder. The standard error of live cocoons, defined in relation to without cut device FTI-1M is 0,456 %.
6. Proposed and experimentally proven mathematical model to calculate the correction factor for the volume of live cocoons, which it is proposed to use in determining silkiness in party live cocoons.
7. Developed a rapid method for the determination of silkiness live cocoons without their without cut, providing increase of accuracy and efficiency when determining live cocoons of any breed. The standard error of silkiness specific Express method (PTI-1M) relative to without cut less than 2 times the standard error of a particular silkincss cocoons method, PTI-1 относительно of without cut.
8. The optimal weight of 3kg live cocoons with the use of the device PTI-1M, is designed to determine silkincss live cocoons without cut. It also takes into account the presence of cocoons-grouse and muscardini of the cocoons, as an amendment in the calculation of silkiness of live cocoons in the computer version.
9. A method was developed to determine silkiness live cocoons hardness of their shell device PTI-1M, and implements software. The increase of accuracy of definition of live cocoons is achieved by taking into account the thickness of their shells. The standard error of silkiness determined by the proposed method relative to without cut is 0.4%.
10. Proposed and implemented the definition of the volumetric stiffness of the sample live cocoons with the help of the device PTI-1, which evaluated the technical and economic value of the game, both living and dry cocoons. It is shown that the value of the volumetric stiffness defined by the proposed technology, agreed with the experiments performed with single cocoons and calculating the average volumetric hardness.
11. Experimentally investigated the influence of different vibration modes on the degree of tapped and quality of cocoons. Determined the most optimal amplitude, frequency and time of vibration, ensuring a relatively uniform density of packing of cocoons in a cylindrical tank.
12. The influence of the moisture content of the cocoons on the accuracy of determining silkincss when conducting without cut, when determining the correction factor K, as well as with industrial acceptance of the cocoons.
13. The experimentally determined degree of influence of percentage content of cocoons-grouse on the readings of PTI-1M in the direction of overstatement. The Express-method of determination of the percentage of cocoons with a large specific volume and is given the formula for amendment in determining the real silkincss live cocoons at the time of their collection points cocoon of raw materials.
14. Justified and recommended to use sorting of cocoons in terms of specific volume (SCWA) grantovogo to separate the cocoons from the Persian aparsc. He is replacing manual labor increases the rate of separation 4 times on coronaricnnc points in the season harvesting of live cocoons and increases the accuracy of determining silkincss live cocoons without their without cut device of PTI-1, by pre-culling of cocoons-grouse with large specific volume of the sample.
15. Based on the comparison of the results of silkiness live cocoons of a certain method without cut, apparatus PTI-IM, and the proposed new Express technique it is shown that the values of silkiness live cocoons defined in the last two cases close to the value of silkiness on without cut and absolute root mean square error of a certain silkiness live cocoons less than one .

The topicality and significance of the subject of dissertation.In the world market demand for natural production, including cotton the fiber, increases. According to the international advisory committee on a cotton (ICAC) «the leading countries on delivery to a foreign market of a cotton fibre arc China, the USA, India, Pakistan, Brazil and Uzbekistan». In a season 2016-2017, concerning previous, manufacture cotton a fiber on 5,1 % (22,48 million ton), and demand for 1,7 % (24,09 million ton) is predietted increases' . Cotton-raw processing is carried out on process equipment’s, basically, made in the USA, China and Uzbekistan. One of the important problems for stability of volume of cultivation of a cotton crop and increase of compc-titiveness of raw materials in the world market is the further improvement of quality a fiber. In this direction research works for creation of new generation technologically reliable and highly effective equipment a cotton-raw preprocessing arc conducted.
In Republic Uzbekistan wide actions for working out highly effective technics and technologies for a preprocessing of the cotton-raw, providing improvements consumer properties of their production arc carried out. Here the great value has the technics and technology introduction, providing preservations quality and quantity of a prepared cotton-raw and developed cotton production in cotton cleaning the enterprises, giving possibilities decrease in the expense of raw materials and electric energy.
In world practice the special attention is given to questions of working out of new samples of technics and the technologies of drying positively influencing technological processes of processing and quality indicators of a cotton-raw. Here the major a problem is carrying out target scientific research in directions of creation of scientific bases of law change heat physic indicators of a cotton and its components, a substantiation of uniformity and speed of drying of a fiber and seeds in non-stationary process warmly and mass exchange, fibers providing release with a competitive quality indicator. Research works performed on the set forth above directions confirm an urgency of a theme of dissertational work.
The given dissertational research in certain degree serves performance of the problems provided by the Decision of the President of Republic Uzbekistan №PO-4761 from October, 27th, 2015 «About formation of holding company Uzpaxta-sanoatexport» and the Decision of the Cabinet of Republic Uzbekistan №70 from April, 3rd, 2007 «About the program of modernization and reconstruction of the enterprises cotton cleaning to the industry for 2007-2011», and also in other is standard-legal documents accepted in given sphere.
The aim of the researchis creation high-cfficicncycotton drying installations and technologies on the basis of an intensification warmly-mass exchange processes.
Scientific novelty of dissertational research is concluded in following:
the new technology and high-cfficicncy drying drum with an advanced design of internal devices arc developed;
the method of calculation of changes of heat conductivity and thermal capacity of a cotton-raw, fiber, the downy and bared seeds depending on humidity, volume density and drying temperature is developed;
the mode of drying providing uniform drying of a cotton fiber and seeds on the basis of various laws of distribution of warmth in weight of a fiber and a kernel of seeds, humidity in space and on time is developed;
the method of calculation of the effective (resulted) heat conductivity of a damp cotton-raw, on the basis of the theory of distribution of heat in the porous environments considering multi components environments is developed;
changes of volume of a kernel and peel of seeds, formations of air space between them during drying and degree of influence on them of initial humidity of a cotton-raw arc revealed;
possibility of an effective utilization of length of drying drum in the course of drying on the basis of laws of defining changes of temperature of air, cotton-raw and humidity components is created.
On the basis of results of the made researches on creation high-cfficicncy drying installations and technologies on the basis of process intensification arc warmly-mass exchange presented following conclusions:
1. It is revealed necessity of carrying out of researches on defined thermo physic properties of components of a cotton-raw, on research of possibility of operating technology and techniques of drying on maintenance of increase of intensity and uniformity of drying with optimization heat moisture conditions of air and parameters of drying installations.
2. On the basis of spent research on establishments of dependence of heat conductivity of a cotton-raw and its components from humidity, cotton-raw density, and also air temperature it is defined the following:
It is established laws of change of heat conductivity of a cotton-raw, a fiber and seeds from their humidity, density and air temperatures. It is thus defined, that heat conductivity of a cotton-raw is more than heat conductivity of a fiber, with growth of humidity and temperatures of drying the difference size between them increases;
It was observed, that at humidity of the downy and bared seeds to 7 % of temperature of drying on their heat conductivity does not influence, with the further growth of humidity the heat conductivity factor slowly raises and further fast growth in the form of the curves having nonlinear character is swept up.
It is defined, that at identical humidity, heat conductivity of the bared seeds depending on degree falling is more than volume density and temperature of drying 1,2-2,2 times, than heat conductivity of downy seeds.
3. It is developed a technique and the scheme of processing of experimental data by definition of a thermal capacity of a cotton-raw and its components.
It is offered to dependence of a thermal capacity for a quantitative estimation of influence of temperature and density on a thermal capacity of a cotton-raw, a fiber, downy and bared seeds. It is established increases of a thermal capacity of a cotton-raw and its components with humidity growth, and with temperature growth, not to linear laws.
4. On the basis of the theory of distribution of heat in multi-component environments the method of calculation is developed for definition of change of effective heat conductivity of a damp cotton-raw, possibility at sufficient level is as a result created to conduct numerical calculations differential the equations heat mass exchange at cotton-raw drying.
The method of calculation is developed for definition of change of effective heat conductivity of a damp cotton-raw on the basis of the theory of distribution of heat in multi-component environments.
5. Laws warmly and mass exchange processes in a fiber and seeds, spatial and time distribution of heat and a moisture in fibrous weight and a kernel arc received, is as a result defined, that a difference of fields of temperature and humidity on length of a fiber is insignificant and in short time they is leveled, and temperature of heating of kernels of seeds low, at identical modes average time of drying of a fiber and seeds the various.
6. It is established, that because of complexity, multi component , distinctions thermo physic characteristics of components of the cotton-raw, put into practice convective the way of drying does not eliminate a difference in heating temperature in cotton-raw components, docs not provide uniform moisture selection from components that presses additional conditions thermo moisture for processing for achievement of necessary technological humidity of a fiber.
7. Quantitative estimations of change of volume of a peel and a kernel of a seed in the course of drying arc made. For the first time it is made qualitative and quantitative estimations of influence of the air space formed between an internal surface of a peel and an external surface of a kernel on efficiency of drying.
8. Achievement of an intensification of process of heat exchange by increase in a surface of contact of external surfaces of the cotton-raw which is in a blockage and on blades, and rise in temperature of heating of internal devices of a drum is experimentally established. It is shown increase achievements moisture selection dryers on 64,2 % (per.), thanking heating rise in temperature a drum to 70°.
9. It is defined optimum frequency of rotation of a drum on the basis of the received mathematical model moisture selection, arc thus provided uniform distribution of a cotton-raw in cross-section section of a drum at the expense of use of a useless zone for cotton-raw drying.
Economic benefit of introduction of an advanced dryer at the expense of increase moisture selection and decrease in a mass fraction of defects and weed impurity of a fiber makes 17400 sum counting on 1 ton of the dried up cotton-raw.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation. An estimated food and agriculture organization of the UN in 2050 year to satisfy the demand for food the annual global production of agricultural crops and animal production must increase by 60% compared with the level of 2006 year6. In the world every year because of the damage generated losses of grain products by 30%, root vegetables, fruits and vegetables by 40-50%, oilseeds, meat and dairy products by 20% and fish by 35%7.
In the years of independence of special attention is paid to the cultivation and efficient development of the industry, processing agricultural products. As a result of conducted in this area of program activities, including to ensure the quality of processing of products of agriculture and forestry, tangible results have been achieved in the production of import-substituting and export-oriented food and pharmaceutical products. In 2015 year the country is grown 200,3 tonnes of tubers of Jerusalem artichoke and 199,2 tons of rose hips8. One of the most widespread methods of processing of these products assumed to be their drying.
Today important objective of global scale is the development of equipment and technology for the processing of products of agriculture and forestry, including the Jerusalem artichoke and rose hips, special attention is paid to improvement methods of processing of raw materials through the application of new technologies, taking into account the results of scientific research in this area focused on the preservation of biologically active substances in the finished product. It is necessary to substantiate the appropriate scientific decisions and recommendations aimed at improving the methods of drying and the development of technology for obtaining high-quality products, including the necessary: to develop equipment and technology of processing of Jerusalem artichoke and rosehip with the preservation of biologically active substances in the composition of the final products, to develop a mathematical model of the distribution of trace elements in the drying process, to explore and formalize the process of heat transfer, taking into account the changes of heat in infrared (IR) heating and nonlinear heat transfer phenomena, as well as examine the activity of heat during drying of the product to develop a vacuum drying apparatus with infrared heating and mill to produce a powder of the dried product. Actuality of and relevance of the theme of the dissertation is confirmed by the implementation of scientific research in this direction.
This dissertation research is to a certain extent perform tasks provided for the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PP-1047 of 26 January 2009 year «Concerning Additional Measures for increase food production and saturation of the domestic market» and PP-1633 of 31 October 2011 year «On measures to further improve the management of the organization and development of the food industry of the republic in 2012-2015», as well as other legal and regulatory documents adopted in this area.
The aim of research work it is to improve the technology for the processing Jerusalem artichoke tubers and rosehips using a vacuum dryer with infrared heating, providing increased energy efficiency and technology of equipment and preservation of biologically active substances.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as following:
determined the kinetics of Jerusalem artichoke tubers drying process and rosehips in a vacuum-drying equipment with infrared heating;
substantiated model of the motion of moisture in capillary pores and the distribution of microelements in the products of the process by controlling the drying process in the preparation of high-quality products;
determined the transfer of heat and moisture in the internal layers of the material in the low-vacuum conditions with infrared heating and revealed the specific features of the nonlinear propagation of heat in terms of discrete modes of the drying process;
substantiated comparative analysis of processing methods sorption isotherms and desorption appropriateness of the choice of the method of orthogonal regression equation in the form Posnova;
developed a mill construction with a cooling system to produce a powder of sugar-containing products;
determined by the vacuum pressure and the optimal drying temperature in the vacuum system with infrared heat to dry the tubers Jerusalem artichoke and rosehips with preservation of bioactive substances.
On the basis of the research on a doctoral thesis on «Development of technologies for the processing of the tubers of Jerusalem artichoke and rose hips with preservation of biologically active substances» provided the following conclusions:
1. As a result of the analysis of the modern state theory and practice of drying and heating activation of Jerusalem artichoke tubers and rose hips encountered trends their further development and improvement, which made it possible to put forward innovative ideas. As one of the most effective methods of drying the tuber of Jerusalem artichoke and rose hips products acts dehydration in vacuo with an infrared heating.
2. Developed and implemented a mathematical model of movement of moisture in the capillary pores studied materials showed the need to address the internal redistribution dissolved substances, and also confirms the regularity dynamics of the drying process under the given initial conditions with attendant phenomena sorption and desorption in the internal structures of the capillary channel walls. Proposed non-linear functional connections between the pressure inside the capillary, hydrodynamic movement speed, temperature, and density of the investigated material.
3. Proposed parametric identification of the correlation coefficients of a mathematical model and carried out analysis of the experimental statistical data.
4. The dependence of the irradiation power of the distance between the object and dewatered emitters and defined between emitters and methods of providing a uniform distribution of infrared radiation in the volume of dewatered products by means-reflector elements corresponding configuration in a vacuum drying installation with infrared heating.
5. Proposed sorption and desorption characteristics of tubers of Jerusalem artichoke: shows a capillary specific surface constituting 18,38 m2/g and the total pore volume for artichoke in the conditions vacuum infrared drying is 0,440 cm3/g. For the rose hips characteristic sorption and desorption: confirmed the specific surface area of the capillaries of 12,30 m2/g and the total volume of pores amounts to 0,390 cm3/g.
6. According to research of thermotechnical and sorption properties of the dried product identified: allowable temperature, drying time and construction vacuum drying equipment with infrared radiation. The method of calculation of industrial vacuum drying equipment with infrared emitter based on the results of experimental studies in a laboratory equipment.
7. It is shown that for the process of infrared drying fruit is necessary to optimize the amount of power input, so that the fruits quickly dehydrated. The optimum thickness of the product layer constituting about 2-2,5 mm, the optimal wavelength 3 mm, and the production time of dehydration amounts to allowable value, and temperatures do not exceed fruits 65-70 °C, while vacuum amounts to -0,8 atm.
8. As a result of an experimental research the influence of vibration on the technological process of drying found that dehydration efficiency increases to 4-5% in the conditions continuous heating - at a certain frequency and amplitude. It is shown that the composition of preservation inulin shredded pulp from Jerusalem artichoke tubers in a process of vacuum drying amounts to infrared to 45,4 mg%, and the slices of tubers of Jerusalem artichoke to 38,75 mg%, and thus the safety of ascorbic acid in the fruit pulp under vacuum rosehip infrared-drying up to 0,77 mg%. As part of the same fraction of the seeds rose hips contains ascorbic acid at a vacuum infrared drying up to 4,0 mg%. 
9. A result of researches established that using the method of vacuum drying with an infrared heating and the reflector at a temperature no higher than 60-70 °C allows save electric energy by 10-12%, and a full structure of vitamins and other biologically active substances (inulin and ascorbic acid) in the final product is 80-90%. 
10. Modernized technological line for producing a powder of Jerusalem artichoke with a vacuum drying installation with infrared heating and hammer mill. Developed and implemented an aerodynamic separator for fractionation (pulp, seeds, fluff) crushed rose hips. On the basis of these results is recommended for implementation in the industry to develop technological regulation for the production of powder from the tubers of Jerusalem artichoke varieties «Muzhiza» and the rose hips.
11. Developments and the recommendations of the thesis in the technology for processing of Jerusalem artichoke tubers and fruits rose hips at preservation of biologically active substances introduced into the State Joint Stock Concern «Uzfarmsanoat» and the entities of the system of the Ministry of agriculture and water management (Reference the State Joint Stock Concern «Uzfarmsanoat»from 30.11.2015 year MD-06/1868 and Ministry of agriculture and water management from 10.09.2015 year 06/14-893). A result of applying the vacuum drying technology with infrared radiation productivity increased by 1,2 the average annual overall economic efficiency was 233 million sum.

Actually and relevance of the subject of dissertation. The present in the world providing the population with safe food and the satisfaction in desired level for product nutrition needs is food industry. Therefore, the stable development of the production of local food and raw materials, delivery on the market of safe and quality nutritive on consumption rates in the established range is a basic task.
After acquisition of independence in the country food industry has been formed working on high technology, which is currently being converted into one of the leading sectors of the economy. It is assimilated that ensure of food safety, the completion of the internal market with high quality food, modernization of production, paid that special attention to the launch of new capacities to production of import-substituting products. Stimulation of the modernization and diversification of production, as well as support of the implementation of these arrangements ensures the growth of production of food products.
Production of qualitative food products at the global level, including refining of cottonseed oil using kaolin and bentonite adsorbents, focusing on the development of new approaches of their activation and modification is considered an important task carried out in the direction of scientific research for technology creation of novel adsorbents with high quality of their adsorption properties. When development of activation technology coal, kaolin, and bentonite that have low adsorption properties is necessary to justify appropriate in this area a number of scientific solutions: development of effective methods of thermal activation of kaolin raw materials; setting changes the composition and properties in the process of activation and modification of selected bentonite and coal; creating effective compositions of activated clay and coal-alkali adsorbents for refining heavy bleached cotton oil and increase of the efficiency of the bleaching process.
The present dissertation research serves to a certain extent performance of the tasks provided for in the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № UP-4707 on March 4, 2015 «About measures for structural reforms, modernization and diversification of production in 2015-2019» and the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan №8 from 01.22.2015, «On additional measures to decumulation of costs and reduce of production costs in industry», and other normative and legal documents related to the work and its practical implementation.
The research objective is development of novel coal-alkali and clay adsorbents based on local raw materials and the improvement of treatment technology of press and the extraction cotton oil with their application.
The scientific novelty of the thesis research is as follows:
there have been developed the conditions for obtaining effective coal-alkali adsorbent by pre-soaking the Angren coal low ash 2BPK brand by Na2CO3 solution and further it heat treatment by pyrolysis without air;
It found that activation-Sultan Uvaysk kaolin by microwave radiation in compared with a conventional (convective) heating process accelerates in 2.0-3.0 times;
It found that by activating enriched in calcium bentonite from «Jahon» deposits replacement of the traditional sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in the hydrochloric acid (HC1) allow to improve the bleaching ability of the resulting adsorbent in 1.2 times;
for the first time there has been created the possibility of reduce of saponification of the neutral fat and the alkaline reagent consumption during the refinement cottonseed oil to use cheap water solution of Ca(OH)2 instead of conventional expensive NaOH solution;
for the first time there has been revealed the purification of carcinogenic 3,4-benzo [a] pyrene and hydrocarbon residues from the extraction cotton oil by developed coal-alkali adsorbent;
there have been developed the novel effective composition technologies based on coal-alkali and clay adsorbents establishing their selective properties for the harmful and carcinogenic substances containing in the cotton oil;
there has been developed the technology of a two-step refining and bleaching of cotton oil at recycled flow of mixture oil with adsorbent.
CONCLUSION
1. Based on analysis capacity, as well as the composition and properties of raw materials in Uzbekistan there have been identified the perspective deposits of coal and clay (kaolin, bentonite and palygorskite) minerals suitable for the industrial production of adsorbents for cleaning and bleaching of vegetable oil.
2. In order to obtain highly porous coal-alkali adsorbents it has been suggested that Angren coal to impregnate it with 10% Na2CO3 solution before its pyrolysis no oxygen.
3. To improve the alkaline properties of the coal-alkali adsorbent recommended after pyrolysis impregnate with 10% NaOH solution with further by drying and grinding to the desired granule composition.
4. It has been found that acid activation of bentonite with high (greater than 3% by weight) CaO content in order to avoid the formation of significant amounts of gypsum, it is rationally to use a 10% solution of hydrochloric acid instead of conventional sulfuric acid.
5. There has been established that replacement convection heating using microwave (MW) radiation at a frequency 2450 MHz allows to increase sorption activity in 1.2-1.4 times and reduce the time of thermal activation of Sultan Uvaysk kaolin in 2-3 times (depending on the kaolin wet).
6. There has been the way of alkaline refinement of dark-colored cotton oil providing replacement high-priced caustic soda (NaOH) at low cost limestone milk that considerably reduces of neutral fat saponification decrease and increases outlet refined oil in 1.2 times.
7. There have been developed the optimal conditions for the removal of carcinogenic 3,4-benzo pyrene and remnants of hydrocarbons from extraction oil on the modified coal-alkali adsorbents.
8. There have been developed the technologies of coal-alkali, kaolin, and bentonite adsorbents for refining press and extraction cotton oil.
9. Selective properties of the developed clay and clay-alkali adsorbents based on that are created the effective compositions for cleaning and bleaching heavy bleaching cotton oil have been found.
10. The technology of the two-stage adsorption treatment and bleaching cotton oils at thermo differentiated and recirculating flow of oil with the adsorbent has been developed.
11. It is shown that the economic effect of the introduction of only bentonite adsorbents based on deposits «Jahon» at JSC «Beruniy yog-gar» for refining and bleaching cotton oil is 169.4 million sums per year.

The aim of the research work Is the development of methods and algorithms for analyzing and synthesizing elements and assemblies of radio tracking systems that significantly increase their monitoring and control potential.
The tasks of research:
analysis of the current state of the theory and practice of analysis and synthesis of tracking systems and the identification of trends in their further development and improvement;
solving the problems of constructing tracking systems and developing criteria for their effective functioning under conditions of inaccuracy and uncertainty of input effects;
structurally-parametric synthesis of the servo system, functioning in complex noise-signal conditions;
modeling of static and dynamic modes of functioning of elements and assemblies of radio engineering complexes and systems;
implementation of the radio tracking system.
The object of the research work are elements and nodes of radio engineering systems for monitoring and managing complex dynamic objects.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
a method for constructing servo mechanical control systems is developed, which ensures the expansion of the functionality of the synthesized system with the improvement of its characteristics;
the problem of fast-transferring a beam of a phased array antenna from one steady state to another is solved;
a goniometry device was developed that made it possible to build a control system with zero steady-state tracking error;
the tracking system is synthesized, which ensures a higher quality of regulation.
The outline of the thesis. The volume of the thesis is 122 pages of typewritten text, illustrated by 41 drawings and 5 tables.

The aim of the research work is justification of parametres of frame structures of vehicles of category 03.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows: the geometric parameters of the tractor trailer and its frame structure are justified; developed methods for calculating the strength characteristics, performance and durability of the frame structure of an auto tractor trailer; the formula for calculating the lifetime of the trailer frame made of steel rolled products of various grades was improved by introducing a correction factor; the formula for estimating the longevity of the trailer frame is improved on the basis of the Weibull distribution and the power equation of the fatigue curve.

The aim of the research work is development of technology for the production of carbide roll with the use of refractory metal powders.
Scientific novelty of the research work. The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
the advanced technology of manufacturing of a hard-alloy roller of an input box of a stand is developed by a method of powder metallurgy;
the technology of obtaining a hard-alloy forming tool with an optimal combination of strength and plasticity has been developed;
the optimum composition of 60% TiC, 20% Ni, 4% W, 4% Fe molybdenum new alloy of the Mo-TiC-Ni-W-Fe system was developed to impart strength and ductility to the rollers;
the composition of 39% Mo, 42% TiC, 12% Ni, 4% W, 4% Fc of the Mo-TiC alloy was developed to provide the wear resistance of the rollers.

Диссертация мавзусининг долзарблиги ва зарурати. Бугунги кунда дунё миқёсида доривор ўсимликлардан биологик фаол моддаларни ажратиб олиш ва ишлаб чиқишда янги технологиялардан фойдаланиш ҳамда уларни амалиётга тадбиқ этиш бўйича кўплаб тадқиқотлар амалга оширилмокда. Чунки, ўсимлик хом ашёсидан олинган биологик фаол моддалар синтетик дори воситаларига нисбатан инсон организмига зарарли таъсири камлиги, аллергия чақирмаслиги ва энг муҳими табиийлиги учуй халк табобатида ва тиббиётда турли касалликларни даволашда кенг фойдаланилмокда.
Ҳозирги кунда жаҳонда доривор ўсимликлардан биологик фаол моддаларни индивидуал холда ажратиш, дори воситалари субстанцияларини олиш, олинган субстанцияларни технологик жараёнларини боскичли назоратини амалга ошириш, биологик фаоллигини аниклаш ва технологияларини ишлаб чикиш долзарбдир. Алкалоидлар ва флавоноидлар саклаган маҳаллий ўсимлик манбалари асосида субстанцияларни ажратиб олишни саноат технологиясини ишлаб чикиш хамда стандартлаш долзарб мавзулардан хисобланади.
Узбекистан мустақилликка эришгандан сўнг мамлакат аҳолисини маҳаллий доривор ўсимликлар асосида ишлаб чикилган, сифатли дори-дармон билан таъминлаш мақсадида кенг камровли чора тадбирлар амалга оширилиб, муайян натижалар амалга оширилди, жумладан, маҳаллий доривор ўсимликлар асосида юқори самарадор, импорт ўрнини босувчи препаратларни олиш ва уларни ишлаб чиқаришга жорий қилишга эришилди. Таъкидлаш керакки, Thermopsis alterniflora ўсимлигининг етарлича заҳирага эга бўлишига карамай, чекишга карши ва гиполипидемик ҳамда антиатеросклеротик таъсирга дори воситаларини ҳориждан олиб келиниши бугунги кун талабига етарлича жавоб бермайди. Узбекистан Республикасини ривожлантириш бўйича Ҳаракатлар стратегиясининг 4 йўналишида «фармацевтика саноатини янада ривожлантириш, аҳоли ва тиббиёт муассасаларининг арзон, сифатли дори воситалари ва тиббиёт буюмлари билан таъминлашни яхшилаш» юзасидан муҳим вазифалар белгилаб берилган. Бу борада Thermopsis alterniflora ўсимлигидан олинган тамаки чекишга карши «Никотинабс» препаратини аналоги «Табекс» ўрнига ҳамда гиполипидемик ва антиатеросклеротик таъсирга эга «Флатерон» препаратини аналоги «Симгал» дори воситаларининг хориждан келтирилишини инобатга олиб, ушбу препратларни олиш ва ишлаб чикишдаги чикиндиларидан самарали фойдаланиш, фармацевтика бозорини янги дори турлари билан тўлдиришда муҳим ахамият касб этади.
Узбекистан Республикаси Президентининг 2010 йил 15 декабрдаги ПҚ-1442-сон «GMP талабларига жавоб берадиган ўсимлик хом ашёларидан оргинал дори воситалари субстанциялари ва ниҳоятда зарур бўлган генерик дори воситалари субстанцияларини яратиш, ишлаб чикиш ва ишлаб чикиш учун акад. С.Ю.Юнусов номидаги Усимлик моддалари кимёси института Тажриба ишлаб чикариш корхонасини модернизация ва реконструкция килиш» тўғрисидаги ҳамда 2016 йил 16 сентябрдаги ПҚ-2595 сон «2016-2020 йилларда республикада фармацевтика саноатини янада ривожлантиришни чора тадбирлари дастури тўғрисида» ги Қарорлари ва 2017 йил 7 февралда ПФ-4947-сон «2017-2021 йилларда Ўзбекистонни ривожлантиришнинг бешта устувор йўналиши бўйича Ҳаракатлар стратегияси» тўғрисидаги Фармони ҳамда мазкур фаолиятга тегишли бошка меъёрий-ҳуқукий ҳужжатларда белгиланган вазифаларни амалга оширишга ушбу диссертация тадкиқоти муайян даражада хизмат қилади.
Тадқиқот мақсади Thermopsis alterniflora ўсимлигини ер устки қисмидан цитизин, N-метилцитизин, термопсин алкалоидлари ва флатерон, формононетин флавоноидларини кетма-кетликда ажратиб олишнинг рационал технологиясни яратиш ҳамда Thermopsis alterniflora ўсимлигини стандартлаш ва ишлаб чиқариш чиқиндиларини қайта ишлашдан иборат.
Диссертация тадқиқотнинг илмий янгилиги куйидагилардан иборат:
Thermopsis alterniflora ўсимлигининг ер устки қисми стандартланган хамда фармацевтика саноатида доривор ўсимлик хом ашёси сифатида фойдаланиш мумкинлиги асосланган;
Thermopsis alterniflora алкалоидларини муҳити pH ни ўзгариши ҳисобига ажратиб олиш усули ишлаб чиқилган, бунда pH 5 гача термопсин, pH 5-7 да N-метилцитизин, pH 10-12 да эса цитизин алкалоидлари ажралиб чиқиши аниқланган ва алкалоидлар йигиндисидан цитизин олиш технологияси такомиллаштирилган;
цитизин ва флатерон субстанцияларини олишда босқичли назоратни амалга ошириш имконини берадиган юқори самарадор суюқлик хроматография хамда спектрофотометрия услублари ишлаб чиқилган;
Thermopsis alterniflora флавоноидлари йиғиндисидан формононетин стандарти ажратиб олиш технологияси ишлаб чиқилган ва флатерон препаратини ушбу стандарт асосида стандартланган;
Thermopsis alterniflora ер устки қисмидан ягона технологик тизимда термопсин, N-метилцитизин, цитизин ва флатерон субстанцияларини олишни рационал технологияси ишлаб чикилган хамда жараён чиқиндиси шротдан пектин моддалари ва ферментли гидролиз махсулоти (биоёқилғи) олинган.
Хулосалар
1. Thermopsis alterniflora алкалоидларини pH муҳитни ўзгариши ҳисобига ажратиб олиш усули ишлаб чиқилди, бунда pH 5 гача термопсин, pH 5-7 да N-метилцитизин, pH 10-12 да эса цитизин ажралиб чиқиши аниқланди хамда алкалоидлар йиғиндисидан цитизин алкалоидини ажратиб олиш жараёни такомиллаштирилди ва технология ишлаб чиқаришга тадбиқ килинди.
2. Thermopsis alterniflora ўсимлигидан алкалоидларни ва флавоноидларни ажратиб олиш учун таъсир қилувчи мўътадил кўрсаткичлар аниқланди, ушбу натижаларидан хом ашёни экстракция жараёнида фойдаланилди.
3. Цитизин ва флатерон субстанцияларини олиш технологияларининг назоратини амалга ошириш имконини берадиган юкори самарали суюклик хроматографияси ва спектрофотометрик стандартлаш усуллари ишлаб чиқилди ва ушбу препаратлар субстанцияларини ишлаб чиқаришни боскичли назоратида тавсия қилинди.
4. Thermopsis alterniflora ўсимлигининг флавоноидларини йиғиндисидан формононетин стандарти ажратиб олиш технологияси ишлаб чиқилди ва янги гиполипидемик ва антиатеросклеротик фаоликка эга флатерон препаратини стандартизациясида фойдаланишга тавсия килинди.
5. Илк бор Thermopsis alterniflora ўсимлигининг ер устки қисмини комплекс қайта ишлаб, ягона технологик тизимда термопсин, N-метилцитизин, цитизин ва флатерон субстанцияларини олишни рационал технологияси ишлаб чиқилди хамда жараён чикиндиси шротдан пектин моддалари ва биоёкилги олиш усуллари тавсия килинди.
6. Ишлаб чиқилган технологияга мувофик тегишли меъёрий техник хужжатлар асосида цитизин ва флатерон субстанцияларини серияли ишлаб чиқаришга тадбик этилди.
7. Thermopsis alterniflora ўсимлигидан олинган цитизин субстанцияси асосида тамаки чекишга карши «Никотинабс» дори воситасини тиббиёт амалиётига жорий килинди.
8. Ўсимлик моддалари кимёси институтнинг Тажриба ишлаб чиқариш корхонасида цитизин ва флатерон субстанцияларини ишлаб чикариш учун технологик тизими ташкиллаштирилди ва ушбу тизимда 16 кг цитизин ва 1 кг флатерон ишлаб чикарилиб истемолчиларга етказиб берилди.

The aim of the research is to develop methods for measuring the structural icteristics of the turbulent atmosphere and disperse media with the development of experimental methods of laser heterodyning and corrclomctry.
Scientific novelty of the research consists of the following:
the features of the mode tuning and the characteristics of the dispersion shift of generation frequencies of the He-Ne laser were determined, which make it possible to stabilize the optical frequency of the laser emitter;
calculations were performed and an analytical expression was obtained for estimating the sensitivity and efficiency of heterodyne measurements under conditions of practical application;
the principle of forming control signals for laser emitters in the construction of a heterodyne system with synchronized lasers was developed;
a method for detecting optical fields in photon counting mode was realized, which makes it possible to register a statistical distribution, as well as auto- and cross-correlation functions of photocounts;
using the developed laser system, the optical parameters of the turbulent atmosphere were determined, characterizing its state as a transmission channel of optical information;
the width of the scattered radiation spectrum and the sizes of the microparticles of the monodisperse solution were determined by the method of photon-correlation spectrometry with use of the developed photon correlator.