No. 3 (2024)

Articles

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  Structural-semantic and linguistic-cultural features of anthroponyms in english and uzbek languages

  Anthroponyms, or personal names, are more than mere identifiers; they are windows into a culture's history, values, and beliefs. This article delves into the fascinating world of anthroponyms in English and Uzbek, exploring the structural-semantic and linguistic-cultural features that distinguish these two languages and shed light on their respective cultural landscapes. English anthroponyms typically follow a given name-surname pattern, with the given name representing an individual's personal identity and the surname indicating their family or lineage. On the other hand, Uzbek anthroponyms often consist of a given name followed by a patronymic, which is derived from the father's name, and a surname indicating the family name. This structural difference reflects the cultural traditions and naming practices of the respective languages.

  Nigora Nazarova

  332-337

  50   20

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  History and development prospects of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Tashkent State Medical Institute The article describes the formation of the dental faculty of the Tashkent State Medical Institute. In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Faculty of Dentistry was established at the Tashkent Medical Institute in 1931. But in 1932, the Faculty of Dentistry was merged with the Faculty of Medicine. And in 1935, it was reorganized and included as a course at the medical faculty of the Institute. However, at the request of that period, the Faculty of Dentistry was restored as a separate faculty on August 3, 1954.

  Rakhmatulla Nigmatov

  9-19

    

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  Maturation of orthopedic dentistry and orthodontics at the Faculty of Dentistry of the Tashkent State Medical Institute At the Faculty of Dentistry of the Tashkent State Medical Institute, the maturation of orthopedic dentistry and orthodontics is given. The Department of orthopedic dentistry was founded in 1956 year. In order to establish the department, as well as to train specialists and scientific personnel, in 1956, the candidates of Medical Sciences G.Att the Faculty ot the Faculty of Dentistry of the Tashkent State Medical Institute, the maturation of orthoAtt t the Faculty of Dentistry of the Tashkent State Medical Institute, the maturation of orthopedic dentistry and orthodontics is given. The Department of orthopedic dentistry was founded in 1956 year. In order to establish the department, as well as to train specialists and scientific personnel, in 1956, the candidates of Medical Sciences G.T. Sukharev and Ye.D. Kalanterevs were invited. The head of the department was invited from the city of Moscow t.f.n. A.T. Busigin was appointed. With the efforts of the staff of the newly created Department, large-scale work was carried out to provide the department and polyclinic with the necessary equipment, equipment, training manuals, sorting out teachers, ordinary doctors, dental technicians and other personnel.

  Rakhmatulla Nigmatov

  45-72

    

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  Information about the 21st International Dental Congress in Turkey On September 12-15, 2024, the next International Dental Congress of the FDI in Turkey was held in Istanbul (Turkey), to which 8 dentists were delegated from Uzbekistan. During the Congress, the delegation participated in the work of the Scientific Committee, the Committee on Education, and the meeting of the National Secretaries of the Associations. The opening ceremony took place at the grand Istanbul Convention Center. The Congress was attended by the President of the Dental Association, Dr. Tank Ismen, the President of the FDI, Dr. Greg Chadwick, and others.

  Rakhmatulla Nigmatov

  174-178

    

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  The use of a new orthodontic device for unilateral expansion of the upper jaw in children The authors set a goal: Use and evaluate the effectiveness of various orthodontic appliances for expanding the upper jaw in children with mixed dentition. 76 children aged 6 to 14 years with mixed dentition with a narrowing of the upper jaw were observed. All children, depending on the orthodontic expanding fixed appliances used, were divided into 2 subgroups and a comparative assessment of their treatment using various orthodontic techniques was carried out. Indications for the use of fixed orthodontic equipment have been determined, which contribute to the rational choice of devices and method of treatment for children with narrowing of the upper jaw dentition during the period of mixed dentition.

  Rakhmatulla Nigmatov, K Akbarov, I Nigmatova, V Shokhnazarov

  144-150

    

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  Diagnosis and treatment of narrowing of the upper jaw Diagnosis and treatment of malocclusion narrowing of the upper jaw is a challenge for dentists who are trying to correct this malocclusion at an early age. Patients with an can be diagnosed clinically and cephalometrically, but the diagnosis must be considered in the context of skeletal and dental structure. Accurate classification of this malocclusion narrowing of the upper jaw requires experience and training. Narrowing of the upper jaw malocclusion develops as a result of the interaction of many different etiological factors, including thumb and finger sucking, lip and tongue habits, airway obstruction, and true skeletal growth abnormalities. Treatment for narrowing of the upper jaw ranges from observation or simple habit control to complex surgical procedures. Successful identification of the etiology increases the chances of successful treatment. An narrowing of the upper jaw is an abnormal bite occurring in a sagittal plane, characterized by the absence of sagittal overlap between the maxillary and mandibular teeth. Anterior narrowing of the upper jaw, especially skeletal bite, is called "malocclusion stigmata".

  J Kodirov, Rakhmatulla Nigmatov, I Nigmatova

  109-111

    

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  Orthodontic treatment of open prikus using a new non-solvable orthodontic apparatus Over the past thirty years, there have been radical changes in orthodontics. Orthodontic equipment, treatments, patient populations, and even the philosophy of orthodontics have changed. Removable tools have lost their place compared to non-removable orthodontic tools, if earlier 90% of patients used removable tools regardless of age, now they are used only in 16% of cases and mainly in the primary and milk bite period. Theoretical calculations of the biomechanical movement of teeth served as the basis for the creation of orthodontic equipment that we use to treat open bites. The device we propose has proven to be most effective in treating open bites in patients with second molar teeth starting to erupt, at the final stage of mixed bites and at the beginning of permanent bites.

  Rakhmatulla Nigmatov, M Aralov, I Nigmatova

  2-19

    

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  Methods for diagnosing open priscus in children and planning orthodontic treatment Dental anomalies, the open pricus in children and adolescents, occupy one of the leading positions in the structure of general dental pathology. The highest percentage of the spread of tooth-jaw system deformities occurs in childhood, and according to this indicator, this orthodontic pathology is one of the leading dental diseases after dental caries and periodont diseases.

  Rakhmatulla Nigmatov, Mirzobek Aralov

  2-24

    

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  Developing research competencies in students at veterinary higher education institutions based on an integrative approach Today, the adoption of the state educational standard of higher education based on the competency-based approach is explained by the fact that competently thinking youth arose as a result of the integration of higher education, students, science and production.

  Nargiza Narziyeva

  107-111

  4   0

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  Significance of Presepsin in the Early Diagnosis of Sepsis in Children

  Infectious processes occurring in children of early age often have a non-specific clinical appearance. This, in turn. can lead to interpretation of symptoms and late diagnosis of the disease.
  The purpose of the study is to determine the significance of the amount of presepsin in lhe blood plasma in the early diagnosis of sepsis in young children.

  Gulchekhra Khamraeva

  72-76

  28   4

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  Jadid enlighteners are about to protect young people from harmful habits In this article, the family environment will establish a healthy environment of Turkestan Gadidian Madrid, the protection of people, to the observance of people, and the observance of people, to national and universal values Studies of loyalty, health, etiquette.

  Zarif Begimkulov

  41-45

  22   1

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  Approaches and Perspectives in the Study of the Afrighid Dynasty Period in Foreign Historiography This article provides an in-depth analysis of the factors that sparked the interest of foreign scholars in studying the history of the Afrighid dynasty, which ruled the Khorezm region (Uzbekistan) from the 4th to the 10th centuries, examines the evolution of approaches and perspectives in foreign scholarship on this topic, highlighting the key research directions and challenges encountered by scholars. The article also critically assesses the achievements and shortcomings of these researchers, contributing to a deeper understanding of the Afrighid dynasty and its historical significance.

  Mardonbek Rajapov

  235-239

  42   111

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  Theoretical aspects of student and youth travel and strategies for its development Student tourism is a growing travel industry segment, with young people increasingly seeking educational and cultural experiences abroad. This article studies the concept, characteristics, and types of student and youth travel based on scientific research conducted on the basis of international experiences. Students, young people and their travel, types, characteristics, and motivations of participants in student tourism are researched. Marketing strategies for the development of student tourism are also presented based on this theoretical research.

  NILUFAR AKHROROVA

  79-87

  47   18

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  WАTЕR SCАRCITY MITIGАTIОN RЕFОRMS: А CОMPRЕHЕNSIVЕ АPPRОАCH Wаtеr scаrcity is а prеssing glоbаl issuе thаt thrеаtеns humаn hеаlth, еcоnоmic prоspеrity, аnd еnvirоnmеntаl stаbility. Tо аddrеss this chаllеngе, cоmprеhеnsivе rеfоrms аrе еssеntiаl, еncоmpаssing а widе rаngе оf mеаsurеs tо rеducе wаtеr dеmаnd, incrеаsе supply, аnd imprоvе wаtеr mаnаgеmеnt prаcticеs. Wаtеr scаrcity pоsеs а significаnt chаllеngе tо sustаinаblе dеvеlоpmеnt wоrldwidе. This аrticlе еxplоrеs cоmprеhеnsivе rеfоrms tо mitigаtе wаtеr scаrcity, еxаmining rеsеаrch findings, discussing kеy strаtеgiеs, аnd prоviding аctiоnаblе аdvicе.

  Rustem Omirzakov, Azamat Jumanov

  845-848

  32   22

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  EDUCATIONAL GOALS IN THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF THE NEW UZBEKISTAN: IMPLEMENTING GREEN EDUCATION STRATEGIES TO PROTECT ENDANGERED ANIMALS The development strategy of the New Uzbekistan emphasizes the integration of green education as a tool to enhance environmental awareness and protect rare and endangered species. The interrelationship between education and environmental stewardship has been substantiated across various disciplines, compelling educational institutions worldwide to integrate green education into their curricula. This article explores the role of environmental education in fostering a sustainable mindset among the youth of Uzbekistan, aiming to safeguard the country’s rich biodiversity, particularly its endangered animal species. Through a combination of innovative educational methods, community involvement, and policy support, Uzbekistan seeks to cultivate a generation that values ecological balance and engages in conservation efforts. This paper discusses the methodology of implementing green education strategies, analyzes the outcomes, and reflects on the broader implications for the nation’s environmental and educational policies. By examining pedagogical approaches and successful case studies, we delve into the benefits of ecological literacy and active engagement in biodiversity conservation. The need for a robust educational framework aimed at nurturing responsible citizens who prioritize the preservation of threatened species is emphasized. Ultimately, we argue for the importance of a synergistic approach combining education, policy, and community involvement as a holistic strategy for safeguarding endangered animal populations.

  Rustem Omirzakov

  264-269

  34   35

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  Investigating innovative approaches and resources in higher education: improving learning in the digital era The digital evolution of the higher education system has changed many aspects of how the instruction is delivered and what the students’ outcomes are. The aim of the article is to diagram the new practices and tools present in higher education and show how these improvements could be beneficial for the students. More specifically, we review the features of the category of 'learning technologies' which includes adaptive learning, gamification, e-learning, and social collaborative tools while focusing on the barriers for the adoption of these technologies within traditional education systems. These results highlight the need for proper foresight and planning, involvement of the parties concerned, and constant evaluation in order to capitalize on the benefits of these digital learning approaches.

  Rustem Omirzakov, Alliyar Pirnazarov

  67-69

  36   9

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  Insecticidal property of bioinsecticide against bovicola ovis The article presents information about the biology of the causative agent of sheep bovicolosis, fleas Bovicola ovis, clinical symptoms of the disease, the effectiveness of the use of a new local drug "Bioinsecticide" in treatment and prevention

  Fakhridin Pulotov, A Dzhalolov, A Ismailov

  159-163

  55   11

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  Development of scientific research on biology and the spread of ticks in horses in Uzbekistan One of the serious problems in the development of horse breeding is the infection of horses with parasites.At the same time, the problem of invasion and spread of ectoparasites – ticks– in herd horses remains a very pressing problem. The spread, which is associated with the action of various reasons of a biotic, abiotic, climatic nature and, above all, the presence of the pathogen, the features of its biology, the nature of their circulation in the natural biocenosis and transmission routes. Ectoparasites pose significant health risks. Understanding these parasites is critical to maintaining equine welfare.

  Fakhridin Pulotov, N Raimov

  287-290

  47   8

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  Study of the residue of "ALPHA-SHAKTI" 10% EC preparation in cattle milk This article provides information on determining the residue of the drug in the milk of dairy cows when a 0.03 percent solution of the pyrethroid drug "Alpha-shakti" 10% EC is used against existing cattle ectoparasites in Karakalpakstan's livestock farms and households.

  Fakhridin Pulotov, A Kamalova, S Mavlanov, A Ismoilov

  201-205

  90   21

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  ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS OF STUDENT TOURISM IN CENTRAL ASIA: VISA POLICIES FOR STUDENT MOBILITY As Central Asia becomes an increasingly popular destination for academic pursuits and cultural exchanges, enhancing the visa framework is essential for student tourism development. Therefore, this article provides an overview of Central Asia's current visa policy for student tourism.

  NILUFAR AKHROROVA

  572-576

  43   12

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  Physical education of students with hearing impairment In this article, the theoretical analysis of the issue of physical education of students with hearing impairment has been carried out.

  Shavkat Rajapov

  104-110

  35   14

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  Genomic Predictors of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer: Integrating Genomic Data for Personalized Medicine in the USA Despite applying conventional predictive methodologies to obtain genomic insights, predicting drug sensitivity for healthcare organizations in the USA remains a daunting challenge. Cancer is a highly dynamic, adaptive disease tumor cells have repeatedly shown the capability to evolve mechanisms whereby therapeutic interventions can be evaded. Besides, one genomic alteration seldom predicts drug sensitivity. This research project aimed to address the challenges of predicting drug sensitivity by leveraging the GDSC dataset, an extensive resource connecting genomic profiles of cancer cell lines with their sensitivity to a wide range of anti-cancer drugs. This research's key focus was identifying robust genomic markers, including any specific mutations, gene expression patterns, or epigenetic modifications associated with drug sensitivity or resistance. Advanced machine learning and statistical methods were utilized by the predictive models to analyze complex relations that may exist between different genomic alterations and their drug sensitivity. The dataset used for this research project was derived from the Kaggle website. This dataset was compiled by the research project Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer collaboration between the Sanger Institute in the United Kingdom and the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center in the United States. In their investigation, there was a massive screening of human cancer cell lines with a wide range of anti-cancer drugs. Data collection was performed by large-scale screening of diverse anti-cancer drugs against human cancer cell lines of various types. Cell viability was measured using the Cell-Titer-Glo assay following 72 hours of drug treatment. Several machine learning models were deployed, namely, Random Forest, Linear Regression, and XG-Boost, which exhibited specific strengths. Specific performance metrics used included MSE, RMSE, MAE, and R². As the statistics indicate, among the three models, Random Forest stands out and performs the best on this dataset across all metrics. A smaller value of MAE, MSE, and RMSE signifies that it provided the best forecast for the target variable. It also gave the highest R-squared value. Application of drug sensitivity prediction analysis in cancer can provide an overview of the mechanisms that underlie both tumor response and resistance by investigating the model predictions. The proposed predictive models have the potential to make significant impacts on clinical decision-making in cancer therapy. Predictive models derive informed decisions regarding a patient's risk of recurrence of disease, their response to certain therapies, and their prognosis based on complex clinical and genomic data.

  Laxmi pant, Abdullah Al Mukaddim, Md Khalilor Rahman Rahman, Abdullah AL Sayeed Sayeed, Md Sazzad Hossain Hossain, MD Tushar Khan Khan, Adib Ahmed

  1-21

  135   35

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  Predictive Modeling of Water Quality and Sewage Systems: A Comparative Analysis and Economic Impact Assessment Using Machine Learning Maintaining high water quality and effective sewage systems is imperative for the USA's environmental sustainability and public health. Present issues related to water quality management and effectively working sewage systems in the USA are multi-dimensional. Aging infrastructure, lack of treatment facilities, and the absence of real-time monitoring systems are major impediments to maintaining water quality. This study aimed at resolving the pressing matters associated with water quality and sewage system efficiency through a multi-faceted approach. The research project strived to ascertain the relationship between sewage system efficiency and overall water quality. Besides, the present study endeavored to utilize machine learning techniques to develop forecasts of future trends in water quality. The datasets were gathered from as many reliable governmental databases as possible and environmental monitoring agencies to ensure robust and correct analysis. Among other sources, the national water quality databases include USGS, EPA, and EEA. These sources provided comprehensive data on a wide range of water quality parameters, such as pH levels, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, nitrate and phosphate concentrations, and the presence of heavy metals like lead, mercury, and cadmium. In this research project, three evidence-based algorithms were selected, notably, Linear Regression, Random Forest, and XG-Boost are three algorithms of machine learning that have been selected for performing predictive modeling. Several performance metrics of the classes were performed for the stringent assessment of the performance of Recall, Accuracy, Precision, and F1 Score machine learning models. The performance of the Random Forest Classifier achieved an outstanding accuracy as compared to other models. The findings of this study have great implications for water quality management in the USA, especially concerning how predictive models could be leveraged further to advance monitoring and intervention strategies. This provides the possibility to combine machine learning algorithms in water quality management agencies that go beyond regular reactive approaches to proactive data-driven strategies.

  Md Fakhrul Islam Sumon, Arifur Rahman Rahman, Pravakar Debnath Debnath, MD Rashed Mohaimin, Mitu Karmakar Karmakar, MD Azam Khan Khan, Hossain Mohammad Dalim Hossain Mohammad Dalim

  1-18

  216   30

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  Linguopragmatic characteristics of hyperbola in English and Uzbek literature This article examines the linguistic and pragmatic features of hyperbole in English and Uzbek literature. Hyperbole serves as a rhetorical tool to emphasize emotions, enhance imagery, and reflect cultural values. Defined as deliberate exaggeration, hyperbole operates across various linguistic levels—lexical, syntactic, and semantic—while its pragmatic function is to engage readers’ emotional reactions and interpretations. The study explores hyperbole in English literature, spanning from Shakespeare's dramas to contemporary satire, where it often conveys irony and social criticism. Conversely, in Uzbek literature, hyperbole—or ’exaggeration’—celebrates themes like heroism, beauty, and moral ideals, drawing from oral traditions and classical poetry. Through comparative analysis, the article highlights the cultural contexts and stylistic differences in the use of hyperbole, showing that while hyperbole universally serves expressive purposes, its manifestations are deeply rooted in specific literary traditions. The findings underscore the importance of hyperbole as a multifunctional rhetorical device that enriches literature and offers insights into cross-cultural human experiences.

  Umida Babadzhanova, Oybek Axmedov

  6-11

  77   12

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