Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
37
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
37-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
This article analyzes the methods of eliminating the deficiencies in the mental development of students with autism
spectrum disorders. Ways of corrective treatment, quality and effectiveness, mechanisms of therapy implementation
are highlighted.
KEYWORDS
Autism, mental disorder, therapy, sand, mud, game, clinical, psychological, pedagogical, spectrum.
INTRODUCTION
Today, the number of children with various
developmental disabilities, including autism and
physical disabilities, is increasing. Many years of
experience have shown that when children diagnosed
with early childhood autism are carefully studied, most
of them have organic damage to the central nervous
system. However, it is difficult to determine their origin
and
classification.
The
clinical-psychological-
pedagogical picture of individuals with autism
spectrum disorders is complex, diverse and unique
compared to other disorders of psychological
development. Most of the children with autism
spectrum disorder are excitable and angry. There are
no social indicators, they are not formed. Calming the
child is very difficult. They do not show interest in
others. When he is without a mother, he does not
Research Article
METHODS OF ELIMINATING DEFICIENCIES IN MENTAL DEVELOPMENT
OF STUDENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
Submission Date:
Aug 30, 2024,
Accepted Date:
Sep 04, 2024,
Published Date:
Sep 09, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume04Issue09-06
Shahnoza Amirsaidova
Associate Professor of Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizomi, Candidate of Pedagogical
Sciences, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
38
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
37-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
worry, he is indifferent. One of the characteristic
symptoms of a child with autism spectrum disorder is
that they want to be alone, children with autism
spectrum disorder have impaired cognitive processes,
they always need the organizational, guiding and
stimulating influence of adults in the process of
communication. It is appropriate to use the following
methods to eliminate the cognitive deficits of students
with autism spectrum disorders.
Correction-treatment through play (play therapy)
- it is
a technology consisting of a set of rehabilitation game
methods, forms, tools, and situations. Play therapy has
many important functions. These are: socialization,
development, upbringing, education, adaptation,
relaxation and correction. The game helps to activate
the autistic child, enriches the experience of
interpersonal communication and communication,
teaches to master the forms of interaction individually
and in a group. based on In the course of the game, the
problems and causes of the child with autism spectrum
disorders are identified and the child is helped to
overcome them. In order to improve the relationship
between the parents and the child, the defectologist
often involves them in the game.
Dolphin therapy
- Dolphin therapy is a form of therapy
that uses interaction with dolphins to treat people with
developmental, physical, psychological or emotional
challenges such as autism or Down syndrome.
Proponents of this therapy claim that it is very effective
in improving many aspects of the lives of those
affected. Dolphin therapy is recommended for children
with mental, physiological disorders. Why dolphins? It
is believed that they are treated with ultrasound. More
precisely, they "talk" to them, but these sounds
stimulate the work of the brain, affect the work of the
nervous system. In addition, it is probably one of the
friendliest animals. If the child has problems with
socialization, they will definitely help.
The dolphins used in this therapy are trained to interact
with humans. Swimming with them, touching them
and watching them move and interact has a positive
effect on the physical, mental and emotional health of
patients.
Fairy tale therapy
is one of the leading types and
methods of emotional-psychological, pedagogical
impact on the personality of a child with
developmental disabilities and social-ethical formation.
In correction-treatment with clay
, the work is mainly
carried out with clay, plasticine, dough and similar
elastic materials. This method of work combines
medical, valeological, culturally oriented and creative
elements.
Sand therapy
. Another technology used in corrective
and developmental training with children with autism
spectrum disorders is sand therapy, in which the child
(and sometimes an adult) creates his own world from
sand and small shapes. It has its ancient and interesting
Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
39
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
37-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
history, and it is a method that has kept its place in the
scientific-theoretical and technical development now
and in the future. Sand is a material with its own special
characteristics. When we cover (bury) our hands with
dry sand, we feel a certain peace; by spreading the
sand with our hands, moving it from one place to
another, we create different shapes, the wind and the
sand together create an image of the desert. When
sand mixes with water, it darkens and becomes solid,
taking on the appearance of earth. It is possible to
create various shapes (landscape, multi-storey
buildings, various objects) with sand. Based on such
training, the child creates his own world in his
imagination and temporarily lives in it. A child cannot
describe his suffering in words like an adult, but he can
describe this situation through sand pictures. The
development of tactile perception and fine motor skills
is considered a positive effect for children. In the
process of work, the child mixes sand with water and
makes mountains, houses, landscapes. Also, in the
course of work, the child makes various miniature
figures: a person, an animal, a tree, a building, etc.
Making things in this way is important for the child to
create his own world, speech therapy sessions with
autistic children using sand therapy are held
individually in specially organized playrooms. Toys are
specially selected for sand therapy: dollhouses, cars,
sand and water tables, toy animals, constructors and
hokozo. the game is conducted under the supervision
of a speech therapist without disturbing the child. In
the course of the game, the problems and causes of
the child with autism spectrum disorders are identified
and the child is helped to overcome them.
Correction-treatment (denotherapy)
with the help of
plants is a special direction of psycho-social
rehabilitation of children with limited opportunities.
This method of work is carried out by working with
plants and taking care of them.
Correction-treatment
by
riding
a
horse
(hippotherapy).
This
method
refers
to
the
rehabilitation and rehabilitation of disabled children by
riding horses. Hippotherapy helps to strengthen the
child's organism in general, has a psychological,
aesthetic and educational effect on it. Animation
therapy is one of the socio-psychological methods of
correctional treatment, which is developed with the
help of art tools and cultural institutions. It helps the
child's
socio-cultural
adaptation,
intellectual
development, adaptation and integration into the
everyday socio-cultural environment.
Correction-treatment
by
means
of
travel
(turotherapy).
This method of rehabilitation and
correction is carried out mainly through the
organization of trips and excursions. The development
of social tourism, tourism programs developed taking
into account the opportunities of people with one or
another deficiency in development, the right to rest,
the right to participate in cultural values are equal for
Volume 04 Issue 09-2024
40
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
37-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
all children. Computer technologies are extremely
important as a source of information in carrying out
various rehabilitation activities. In this regard, the
Internet attracts attention as it has huge information
resources: electronic libraries, reference books,
dictionaries, encyclopedias, databases on various
topics. And computer games are a powerful resource
for play therapy. These games are not only
entertainment, but also valuable exercises for a
number of mental and motor functions. Various
models of socio-cultural rehabilitation of children with
disabilities are used in practice at the Information
Consulting Service of the Children's Adaptation Center
of the Republic. Among them, the above-described
correctional treatment methods take a certain place.
At the same time, the experts of the center are
required to study these methods more deeply from a
scientific and methodological point of view, to increase
their effectiveness in practical work, and to determine
the ways of differentiating children according to
deficiencies. For this, first of all, the experts
themselves should thoroughly master these methods,
clearly understand their purpose and content, and
carry out trial and test work to differentiate these
correction-treatment methods according to the types
of defects. It is self-evident that, for this purpose, it is
necessary to establish contact with specialists working
in this direction and, under their leadership, to organize
skill classes and trainings for specialists of the
information-consulting service and branches of the
Republican Center for Children's Adaptation, to
improve their knowledge in this field. and skills
improvement is required. More play activities are used
to develop communication skills. Adaptation of the
environment taking into account the characteristics of
people with autism is one of the important conditions.
Children with autism should be accepted as they are.
As the final stage of personality formation of a child
with autism spectrum disorders, it is manifested by the
uniqueness of his mental development. Defects in
mental development prevent him from fully forming
his personality.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, it should be said that the number of
children with various developmental disabilities,
including autism and physical disabilities, is increasing,
and more and more attention is being paid to the
problem of learning and correcting various mental
disorders in children. - creates the need for monitoring
during the educational process and requires the
determination of a microprogram of corrective action
for each individual case, the development of many
approaches to the problem of autism.
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AGES
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37-42
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
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