Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
125
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In this article, the relationship between mental abilities and leadership characteristics of students, and the mastery of
subjects in the curriculum is studied. Also, based on the results obtained in the research, conclusions were drawn up
with the help of statistical analysis.
KEYWORDS
Ability, intelligence, creativity, memory, will, thinking, divergent thinking, literacy.
INTRODUCTION
In the world, such characteristics as intellectual
potential, ability, creativity, and knowledge are the
basis of the economy. Humanity was created in such a
way that these features have become one of the most
urgent issues of the economic and social life of the
state. The level of spiritual, moral, mental, intellectual
and professional potential of each country's citizens is
a comprehensive indicator of society, determines its
political, economic, social and cultural stability, and is
considered the main core of professional success as a
specialist. In the era of globalization, priority is given to
"identifying young people with high mental abilities,
supporting them with the help of a systematic
program", and the feeling of pride in one's homeland,
Research Article
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF MENTAL ABILITIES ON
STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT
Submission Date:
December 20, 2022,
Accepted Date:
December 25, 2022,
Published Date:
December 30, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume02Issue12-18
Usmonov Sherzod Axmadjonovich
Lecturer At The Department Of Psychology, Fergana State University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
126
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
nation, and occupation in a spiritually, morally and
professionally well-formed person is one of the most
urgent issues today. remains. In this regard, the
problem of individual creativity is the problem of the
century, the ability and concepts close to it (talent,
talent, talent, genius, ability, inclination, interest,
desire) are recognized as a strategic reserve of every
state and society, and the need for scientific research
of this problem is occurring.
In recent years, consistent measures have been
implemented in our republic to support promising
young people, to realize their talents, to create
additional conditions for effective scientific research
and innovation activities . This creates opportunities to
find new theoretical solutions aimed at defining the
professional success and direction of students by
determining their mental abilities with the help of
special diagnostic methods adapted to the national
mentality.
Level of study of the problem. Social and psychological
aspects of mental abilities in young people in our
republic A.F. Azimova, M. Vohidov, M. Davletshin, E.
Ghaziev, T. S. Joraev, V. M. Karimova, J. Kh. Mavlonov,
Z. T. Nishonova, B. R. Kadirov, K. B. Kadirov,
Researched by Sh.R.Samarov, E.Z.Usmonovalar and
others.
Among the scientists of the Commonwealth of
Independent States A.B. Brushlinsky, N.I. Chuprikova,
E.A. Klimov, B.F. Lomov, N.S. Leytes, A.M. Matyushkin,
V.S.
Merlin,
L.S.
Rubinshtein,
A.V.Savenkov,
B.M.Teplov, L.S.Vygotsky, M.Kholodnayas research of
individual psychological characteristics that ensure the
successful implementation of mental activity of gifted
children and individual styles of activity and self-control
mental activity that form the basis of talent have
reached.
G. Eysenck, A. Bine, F. Galton, Dj. P. Gilford, R. B. Kettell,
J. Locke, K. Perlet, J. from a number of foreign
scientists who conducted scientific research on the
issues of the multifactorial complex psychological
structure of mental ability researched by Piaget, J.
Renzulli, C. Spearman, R. Sternberg, L. L. Thurstone, K.
Heller.
During our research, 247 students with a sharp mind, a
deep memory, organizationally active, creative
thinkers, and divergent thinking were selected from
among 3190 students through the sociometry of
intelligence. When we studied the correlation between
the results of these students and the mastery of
subjects, a strong positive correlation was found
between them (r=-0.19, p<0.01). It can be concluded
that the students selected as "stars" of each group do
not have any difficulties in mastering academic
subjects.
During the study, when we analyzed the test subjects
by gender, there was no statistically significant
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
127
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
difference in intelligence sociometry of male and
female test subjects (t=0.7; df=244). From this result, it
can be seen that the gender difference does not play a
major role in being selected as the "star" of the group
according to the sociometry of intelligence (Table 1).
Table 1.
Differences in gender differences in the sociometrics of intelligence
Sex
N
Average
value
Df
t-test
Man
120
1,7
244
0,7
Woman
126
1,67
A statistically significant difference was reliably found in the sociometry of intelligence indicators of learning subjects
(t=2.4; df=224). From these obtained results, it can be concluded that the indicators of learning subjects are reflected
in the results of sociometric intelligence (Table 2). That is, students who learn subjects for five grades are rated higher
by the group members than students who learn subjects for four grades.
Table 2.
The difference of the sociometry of intelligence in learning subjects
Science mastery index
N
Average
value
Df
t-test
5
113
1,6
224
2,4*
4
113
1,7
p<0,05*
It can be seen that if the students have high intelligence indicators, the indicators of mastering the subjects of the
curriculum are also high. In the course of our research, the literacy indicators of students with highly developed mental
abilities, classified as gifted, were studied. 219 examinees took part in it (246 examinees passed the first stage, 219 of
them participated in the second stage due to some reasons). Based on the results obtained from the participants in
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
128
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
the study, the relationship between the "100 words" and "50 sentences" methods included in this methodology was
statistically analyzed.
Table 3.
Correlation coefficients of the results obtained from the "100 words" and "50 sentences" methods included in the
"literacy test" (n=219)
Name
N
R
100 words
219
0,4*
50 sentences
219
*p<0,001
From this table, we can see that there is a statistically strong positive correlation between the "100 words" and "50
sentences" methods (r=0.4, p<0.001). It can be concluded that these two tests help to obtain reliable results in
scientific research carried out as a complementary method (Table 3).
In the course of our research, we studied the results of the "Literacy test" of the test takers, the indicator of students'
mastery of subjects, and their correlation to the results of sociometric methods of intelligence.
Table 4.
Correlation coefficients between the indicator of students' mastery of subjects of the "Literacy test" and the
results obtained from the sociometry of intelligence (n=219).
Name
Science mastery index
Sociometry of
intelligence
100 words
0,144*
-0,06
50 sentences
0,136
-0,08
«Literacy test»
0,162*
-0,08
*p<0,05
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
129
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
We can see from this table that there is a positive correlation between the general result of the "Literacy test" and
the indicators of students' mastery of subjects (r=0.162, p<0.05). That is, if the student's literacy level is high, it will be
easier for him to learn subjects. So, talented people who are able to understand the difference between written and
spoken words, pay attention to spelling mistakes and punctuation marks in sentences, also achieve good results in
mastering subjects (Table 4).
Also, when we studied the dependence of the "100 words" and "50 sentences" tests, which are part of the "Literacy
test", on the indicator of learning subjects, it was found that there is a positive correlation between them. In particular,
it was found that there is a positive correlation between "100 words" and students' mastery index (r=0.144, p<0.05).
It was found that there is a positive correlation between the "50 sentences" test and the students' mastery index
(r=0.136, p>0.05). In this case, although the "50 sentences" test did not reach the same level of confidence as the "100
words" test, in any case, a tendency towards a close association in the positive direction was observed.
There was no correlation between the results of the "literacy test" and sociometric intelligence (r=-0.08, p>0.05).
Through the sociometry of intelligence, the group selected students who demonstrated prominent characteristics,
including strong memory, sharp intelligence, organization, creativity, self-motivation, self-control, and interpersonal
skills, but not literacy. Some students may be highly literate but may not have demonstrated this ability to the
community. Taking into account these aspects, the correlation relationship may not be reflected in the results
obtained by these two methods.
In order to study the gender differences of the 219 subjects who participated in our research at this stage, we divided
them into two groups, male and female. The first group consisted of 103 male subjects, the second group consisted
of 116 female subjects. Student's t-test was used to determine the level of statistical reliability in their literacy levels
(Table 5).
Table 5
Differences in the results of the "literacy test" of men and women
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
130
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
S
ex
N
Х
мин
Х
маx
М
σ
2
S
А
Э
T
100
Э
103
64
237
171,5
1262,9 35,5 -0,76
0,28
-
4,4***
А
116
95
328
192,3 1150,02 33,9 -0,04 2,1
50
Э
103
44
156
92,5
562,4
23,7 0,23
0,07
-2,7**
А
116
48
158
100,8
489,5
22,1 -0,21 -0,17
Total
Э
103 144
393 263,96 2420,3 49,2 -0,04 -0,07
-
4,5***
А
116 169
413 293,07 2194,2 46,8 -0,26 0,01
**p<0,01; ***p<0,001
From this table, we can see that the scores of male
subjects on the "100 words" test range from 64 to 237
points, and most of the results are in the middle range
of 171.5±35.5. The indices of asymmetry and kurtosis
were close to 0 (-0.76 and 0.28). This result indicates
that this series of numbers conforms to the law of
normal distribution.
Female test scores ranged from 328 out of 95 points,
with most results in the middle range of 192.3±33.9.
The asymmetry indicator is close to 0 (-0.04), and the
kurtosis indicates that the distribution is very "sharp-
edged".
When we determined the differences between the
results of the "100 words" test of male and female
subjects using the Student's t-test, a 99.9 percent
reliable difference was found between their mean
arithmetic values (t=-4.4, p<0.001). That is, women are
better at identifying spelling mistakes in words than
men. Therefore, they have better developed logical
thinking, such as literacy, the ability to clearly and
correctly express one's thoughts using written speech.
According to this table, we can see that the scores of
male examinees on the "50 sentences" test range from
44 to 156 points, and the average score of the main
indicators is around 92.5±23.7. Also, the asymmetry
and kurtosis indices are close to 0 (0.23 and 0.07),
indicating that these indices completely correspond to
the normal distribution of the given number series.
Female test scores ranged from 48 to 158 points, with
most results in the middle range of 100.8±22.1. The
asymmetry and kurtosis indicators are close to 0 (-0.21
and -0.17), indicating that these indicators completely
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
131
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
correspond to the normal distribution of the given
series of numbers.
When we determined the differences between the
results of the "50 sentences" test of male and female
subjects using the Student's t-test, a 99.9 percent
reliable difference was found between their mean
arithmetic values (t=-2.7, p<0.01). That is, women are
better at correcting spelling errors, punctuation marks,
and using sentences in their place than men. Therefore,
they have better developed logical thinking, such as
literacy, the ability to clearly and correctly express
one's thoughts using written speech.
We can see that according to the general indicators of
the "literacy test", the indicators of the male
examinees range from 144 to 393 points, and the
average indicator of the main indicators is around
263.96±49.2. Also, the asymmetry and kurtosis indices
are close to 0 (-0.04 and -0.07), indicating that these
indices completely correspond to the normal
distribution of the given numbers.
The results of the female examinees on the Literacy
Test ranged from 169 to 413 points, and most of the
results were in the middle range of 293.07±46.8. The
indicators of asymmetry and kurtosis are close to 0 (-
0.26 and 0.01), indicating that these indicators
completely correspond to the law of normal
distribution of the given series of numbers.
When we determined the difference between the
overall results of the "Literacy test" of male and female
test takers using Student's t-test, a 99.9% reliable
difference was found between their mean arithmetic
values (t=-4.5, p<0.001). It has been statistically proven
that women have higher levels of literacy than men in
terms of the general indicator.
We came to the following conclusions from the above
experimental tests:
-
The students selected as the "star" of each group
using the method of intelligence sociometry
"Selection of talented students" can easily master
the subjects of the curriculum.
-
gender difference does not play a major role in
being recognized as a "star" of the group
according to the sociometry of intelligence.
-
Two tests ("100 words" and "50 sentences")
included in the "literacy test" help to obtain
reliable results in scientific research as a
complementary method.
-
those who are able to understand the differences
between written and spoken words, pay attention
to spelling mistakes and punctuation marks in
sentences, also achieve good results in mastering
subjects.
-
it indicates that women are better able to identify
spelling mistakes in words than men, they have
better developed logical thinking, such as literacy,
Volume 02 Issue 12-2022
132
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
12
Pages:
125-132
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
993
)
(2022:
6.
015
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.968
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
the ability to clearly and correctly express their
thoughts using written speech.
-
students with high verbal intelligence have no
difficulty in mastering the subjects of the
curriculum.
REFERENCES
1.
Axmadjonovich, U. S. (2022). EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
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FACTORS
ON
MASTERY
INDICATORS
IN
STUDENTS.
2.
Usmonov, S. A. (2020). PROBLEMS AND
SOLUTIONS WITH WORKING ABILITY CHILDREN.
In Психологическое здоровье населения как
важный фактор обеспечения процветания
общества (pp. 177
-179).
3.
Усмонов, Ш. А., Закирова, М. С., & Нуриддинов,
Р. С. Ў. (2021). ИЛК ЎСПИРИНЛИК ДАВРИДА
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Қ
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ОБИЛИЯТЛАРНИНГ
ЭМПИРИК
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Usmonov, S. A. (2020). OPPORTUNITIES WITH
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Усмонов, Ш. А. (2022). ТАЛАБАЛАРДАГИ А
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,
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